Perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers who died defending the Fatherland.
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Respect for the memory of those who died while defending the Fatherland or its interests is the sacred duty of all citizens. For this purpose it was adopted Law of the Russian Federation of January 14, 1993 “On perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland.”
According to this Law The memory to be perpetuated is:
1. Those killed during military operations, while performing other combat missions or while performing official duties for the defense of the Fatherland;
2. Those killed while performing military duty in the territories of other states;
3. Those who died from wounds, concussions, injuries or diseases received in the defense of the Fatherland, regardless of the time of occurrence of these consequences, as well as those missing in action during military operations, while performing other combat missions or while performing official duties;
4. Those who died in captivity, in which they found themselves due to the current combat situation, but who did not lose their honor and dignity, who did not betray their Motherland.
Tribute is also paid to foreign citizens who died defending Russia.
At the same time, the memory of the associations is perpetuated, the places of military operations that have gone down in history as symbols of heroism, courage and fortitude of the peoples of our Fatherland are perpetuated.
The main forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are:
1. preservation and improvement of military graves, installation of tombstones, monuments, steles, obelisks;
2. preservation and development of territories historically associated with the exploits of those killed in defense of the Fatherland;
3. entering the names of those killed while defending the Fatherland in the Memory Books;
4. creation of memorial museums, organization of exhibitions, construction of memorial signs at combat sites;
5. publications in media mass media materials about those who died defending the Fatherland, the creation of works of art and literature dedicated to their exploits;
6. assignment of names and surnames of those killed in defense of the Fatherland to populated areas, streets and squares, enterprises, institutions, incl. educational, organizations, military units, ships and vessels;
7. establishment memorable dates and All-Russian Memorial Day.
By decision of state authorities and management bodies, public associations, other measures may be carried out to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland.
The burial places of those who died defending the Fatherland with the tombstones, monuments, steles, obelisks, fencing elements and other memorial structures and objects located on them are military graves.
The burial (reburial) of those killed in defense of the Fatherland is carried out with military honors. However, religious ceremonies are not prohibited. Responsibility for the burial, equipment and registration of graves and cemeteries of those killed in defense of the Fatherland rests with local authorities and administration and military authorities.
Burial of unburied remains of victims discovered during search work, organized and carried out by local authorities and management.
When the remains of military personnel from the armies of other states are discovered, burial is carried out with the information and, if necessary, with the participation of representatives of the relevant organizations of these states.
Reburial of the remains of the deceased is carried out by decision of local authorities and administration with mandatory notification of the relatives of the deceased.
The burial of those killed during military operations is carried out in accordance with the requirements of charters, orders and command directives.
Military graves are subject to state registration . On the territory Russian Federation their records are maintained by local authorities and management, and in the territories of other states - by representative offices of the Russian Federation. For each military burial, a memorial sign is installed and a passport is drawn up.
Military graves are maintained in accordance with the provisions of the Geneva Conventions for the Protection of Victims of War of August 12, 1949 and generally accepted standards international law.
Responsibility for the maintenance of military graves on the territory of the Russian Federation rests with local authorities and administration, and in closed areas of military garrisons - with the commanders of these garrisons. The maintenance and improvement of military graves located on the territories of other states are carried out in the manner determined by interstate treaties and agreements.
In order to ensure the safety of military graves in the places where they are located, local authorities and management establish security zones.
Identified military graves are subject to protection in accordance with the requirements of this Law until the issue of accepting them for state registration is resolved.
Projects for planning, development and reconstruction of cities and other settlements, construction projects are developed taking into account the extreme importance of ensuring the safety of military graves.
Construction, excavation, road and other work, as a result of which military graves are damaged, are carried out only after agreement with local authorities and administration and military authorities.
Enterprises, organizations, institutions and citizens are responsible for the safety of military graves located on lands provided to them for use. If burials are discovered on the lands provided to them, they are obliged to report this to local authorities and administration and military authorities.
Military burial grounds, memorial structures and objects perpetuating the memory of those who have fallen into disrepair are subject to restoration by local authorities and administration.
Enterprises, institutions, organizations or citizens responsible for damaging military graves are obliged to restore them.
In order to identify unknown military graves and unburied remains, establish the names of the dead or the names of the missing, search work is being carried out. It is organized on the basis of local programs and carried out by public associations authorized to carry out such work by government and administrative bodies.
Carrying out search work in places where military operations took place, as well as opening military graves on an amateur initiative, is prohibited.
The burial of the remains of the dead discovered during search operations is carried out in accordance with Article 4 of this Law, and previously unknown military graves discovered, after their examination, accounting and registration, are improved by local authorities and administration with the participation of military units stationed in the relevant territories.
Found weapons, documents and other property of the deceased are transferred according to an act to the military authorities at the place of their discovery for study, examination and accounting. In this case, documents, personal belongings and awards of the victims are transferred to their relatives or museums, small arms are transferred to the internal affairs bodies. Small arms and other weapons after being brought into a condition that excludes them combat use, can be transferred for exhibiting to museums.
The discovery of explosive ordnance is immediately reported to the military authorities, who will in the prescribed manner take measures to neutralize or destroy them. The removal of explosive objects from the places where they were discovered and their transportation as an independent initiative is prohibited.
Management and coordination of the work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland is entrusted to a special body under the Government of the Russian Federation, consisting of full-time employees of ministries and departments involved in resolving issues of perpetuating the memory of those killed.
Work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland is organized and carried out by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Security of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Press and Information of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation , as well as local authorities and administrations.
Powers of governing bodies carrying out work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland:
Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation:
1. Develops plans and programs for military memorial work;
2. Participates in the preparation of draft interstate agreements on the status of military graves located on the territories of other states, and burials of military personnel of the armies of other states on the territory of the Russian Federation;
3. Keeps records of military graves and fallen military personnel;
4. Coordinates the implementation of activities to ensure search work;
Participates in the exhumation of the remains of dead military personnel and their reburial;
5. Participates in organizing propaganda of the exploits of military personnel who died defending the Fatherland;
6. Considers requests from citizens to clarify the fate of missing relatives.
Military command bodies:
1. Take part in the burial (reburial) of the remains of those killed in defense of the Fatherland;
2. Provide practical assistance local authorities authorities and administration, public associations in carrying out search work, burying (reburial) the remains of the dead and improving military graves;
3. Carry out documentary acceptance of weapons, military equipment and other material assets discovered during the search work, they are studied, recorded and examined for further use;
4. Participate in the identification and improvement of military graves located on the territories of other states, carry out their registration;
5. They are working to establish information about the dead and missing;
6. Provide assistance in preparing materials for the publication of books of Memory.
Expenses for carrying out events related to perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are carried out at the expense of the budgets of national-state and administrative-territorial entities, off-budget funds, as well as voluntary contributions and donations from legal and individuals.
The costs of carrying out activities carried out by the Government of the Russian Federation related to perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are financed from the budget of the Russian Federation.
Expenses for the maintenance and improvement of military graves located on the territories of other states, and the burials of military personnel of the armies of other states on the territory of the Russian Federation are implemented on the basis of interstate treaties and agreements.
Τᴀᴋᴎᴍ ᴏϬᴩᴀᴈᴏᴍ, all military graves, as well as monuments and other memorial structures and objects perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland, are protected by the state, and persons guilty of violating this Law bear administrative, criminal or other liability established by the legislation of the Russian Federation .
Perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers who died defending the Fatherland. - concept and types. Classification and features of the category "Perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers who died in defense of the Fatherland." 2017, 2018.
Law on perpetuating the memory of the Russian Federation (Federal Law of the Russian Federation of January 14, 1993 N 4292-1) ON PERPETUALING THE MEMORY OF THOSE WHO DIED IN DEFENING THE FATHERLAND Respect for the memory of those who died while defending the Fatherland or its interests is the sacred duty of all citizens.
Article 1. Perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. The memory is subject to perpetuation: those who died during military operations, while performing other combat missions or while performing official duties in defense of the Fatherland;
Article 1. Perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. The memory is subject to perpetuation: those who died while performing military duty in the territories of other states;
Article 1. Perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. The memory is subject to perpetuation: those who died from wounds, injuries or diseases received in the defense of the Fatherland, regardless of the time of occurrence of these consequences, as well as those missing during military operations, while performing other combat missions or while performing official duties; those who died, who died in captivity, in which they found themselves due to the current combat situation, but who did not lose their honor and dignity, who did not betray their Motherland.
Article 1. Perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. Memory must be perpetuated: Tribute to the memory is also paid to foreign citizens who died defending Russia. In addition, the memory of associations, formations and institutions that distinguished themselves in the defense of the Fatherland is perpetuated, as well as places of military operations that have gone down in history as symbols of heroism, courage and fortitude of the peoples of our Fatherland are perpetuated.
Article 2. Forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. The main forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are: preservation and improvement of military graves, installation of tombstones, monuments, steles, obelisks, other memorial structures and objects perpetuating the memory of the dead;
Article 2. Forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. The main forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are: preservation and development of individual territories historically associated with the exploits of those killed in defense of the Fatherland;
Article 2. Forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. The main forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are: entering the names of those killed in defense of the Fatherland and other information about them in the Book of Memory;
Article 2. Forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. The main forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are: the creation of memorial museums, the organization of exhibitions, the arming of memorial signs at the sites of hostilities;
Article 2. Forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. The main forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are: publication in the media of materials about those killed in defense of the Fatherland, the creation of works of art and literature dedicated to their exploits; assigning the names and surnames of those killed in defense of the Fatherland to populated areas, streets and squares, physical-geographical objects, enterprises, institutions, including educational ones, organizations, military units, ships and vessels; establishment of memorable dates and All-Russian Remembrance Day.
Article 2. Forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. The main forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed while defending the Fatherland are: By decision of state authorities and administrative bodies, public associations, other activities may be carried out to perpetuate the memory of those killed while defending the Fatherland.
Article 3. Burials of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. Burials of those killed in defense of the Fatherland with tombstones, monuments, steles, obelisks, fencing elements and other memorial structures and objects located on them are military graves. These include: military memorial cemeteries, military cemeteries, individual military sites in common cemeteries, mass and individual graves in common cemeteries and outside cemeteries, columbariums and urns with the ashes of the dead, burial places in the waters of the seas and oceans, places of death of warships, naval , river and aircraft with crews.
Objectives: 1. To introduce the classification of forms of preserving the memory of Russian soldiers. 2. Introduce the conceptual apparatus of the topic. 3. Study examples of forms of preserving the memory of Russian soldiers. 4. Reinforce the material through execution differentiated tasks. The purpose of the lesson: the formation of a humanistic worldview and patriotism while studying forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers.
Federal Law “Days of Military Glory of Russia” Article 2. Forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers The main forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers who distinguished themselves in battles associated with the days of military glory of Russia are: the creation and preservation of memorial museums, the establishment and improvement of monuments, obelisks, steles , other memorial buildings and objects perpetuating the days of military glory of Russia, organizing exhibitions, installing memorial signs at places of military glory; preservation and development of territories historically associated with the exploits of Russian soldiers who distinguished themselves in battles associated with the days of military glory of Russia; publication in the media of materials related to the days of military glory of Russia; naming national heroes who distinguished themselves in battles associated with the days of military glory of Russia, populated areas, streets and squares, physical and geographical objects, military units, ships and vessels: By decision of state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation and bodies local government Other activities may also be carried out to perpetuate the memory of Russian soldiers who distinguished themselves in battles associated with the days of military glory of Russia.
Classification of forms of perpetuation of the memory of Russian soldiers Classification of forms of perpetuation of the memory of Russian soldiers Audio and video recordings Memorials Museums (of various profiles) Educational system fine arts Mass media Works of literature Awarding the title “City of Military Glory” Awarding the title “National Hero”
Basic concepts of the lesson. Diorama (from the Greek dia - through, through and horama - view, spectacle): 1. A type of painting with images executed on both sides of a translucent material. Used in theatrical and decorative arts (curtains, backdrops, etc.). 2. A ribbon-shaped painting (mainly of battle scenes) on a semicircular stretcher with an illusory image and a foreground subject (prop and real objects, structures). Designed for artificial lighting, located in special pavilions. through the view the picture is predominantly artificial lighting. A museum is a non-profit cultural institution created by the owner for the storage, study and public presentation of museum objects and museum collections. A memorial is a structure designed to perpetuate people, events, objects, and sometimes animals. Most often, the monument does not serve any other function other than memorial. The most common types of monuments are a sculptural group, a statue, a bust, a slab with a relief or an inscription, a triumphal arch, a column, an obelisk, a pyramid, a mausoleum, a tomb, a gravestone, a tomb, etc. The Pantheon (French Panthéon) is an architectural and historical monument. A monument is an object that forms part of the cultural heritage of a country, people, humanity and is usually protected by special laws, as well as a work of art created to perpetuate people or historical events: sculpture, slab with relief or inscription, triumphal arch, column, bust, tombstone, etc. Obelisk is a memorial structure in the form of a faceted, usually square in cross-section, tapering upward stone pillar with a pointed pyramidal top. Originated in Ancient Egypt Stele - (Greek stele - column, tombstone) - a vertical, usually rectangular stone slab, decorated with ornaments, reliefs, sometimes picturesque images and inscriptions. Types of steles: funerary, memorial, dedication steles.
Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War gg. In honor of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War. On May 9, 1995, the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War was opened in Moscow on Poklonnaya Hill in Victory Park, which became the center of the Victory Memorial Complex. The museum consists of a military-historical exhibition, depicting the chronicle of the hard times of war, and an artistic one. The pride of the museum are 6 dioramas dedicated to the most important battles of the war. A special feature of the exhibition is audiovisual complexes demonstrating authentic newsreels of the war years, rare photographs, cartographic and archival materials. The museum is equipped with an automated system for searching information about those who fell during the Great Patriotic War - the “Book of Memory”. The museum exhibition also continues in Victory Park, where an exhibition of military equipment and engineering and fortification structures of the Great Patriotic War and World War II is located. Rare examples of captured equipment are presented. The scale of coverage of the historical period, the versatility and technical equipment of the exhibition, the variety of collections, and the rich scientific library allow the museum to occupy a special place among similar military-historical museum centers in Russia.
Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War. Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War and Victory Park constitute a unique urban planning ensemble, which includes the main monument - a 142.5-meter bayonet with bronze bas-reliefs and the goddess of Victory Nika, the Church of the Holy Great Martyr George the Victorious, the Memorial Mosque, the Memorial Synagogue, and the Catholic Chapel.
Battle for Moscow “Expressing deep gratitude to all the survivors of the battle for Moscow, I bow my head to the blessed memory of those who fought to the death, but did not allow the enemy to reach the heart of our Motherland, its capital, the hero city of Moscow. We are all indebted to them!” Marshal Soviet Union G. K. Zhukov
Moscow. Monument at Peremilovskaya Heights. This is where the victory began... "MOSCOW, MY BIRD MOTHER, I LOVE YOU WITH ALL my HEART, HOLY..."
Creativity of the Kukryniksy “Pliers in pincers”, Kukryniksy, 1941, poster. After initial successes in encircling and destroying several Soviet armies, the German offensive was stopped. Kukryniksy1941poster Kukryniksy is a creative team of Soviet graphic artists and painters, which included full members of the USSR Academy of Arts, People's Artists of the USSR (1958), Heroes of Socialist Labor Mikhail Vasilyevich Kupriyanov (), Porfiry Nikitich Krylov () and Nikolai Aleksandrovich Sokolov (). Soviet artistsAh USSR Academy of ArtsMikhail Vasilievich Kupriyanov Porfiry Nikitich Krylov Nikolai Alexandrovich Sokolov
The Siege of Leningrad (September 8, January 1944) is a tragic period in the history of the city on the Neva, when over 640 thousand residents died from hunger alone, tens of thousands died during artillery shelling and bombing, and died in evacuation.
Diorama "Besieged Leningrad"
The voice of Olga Berggolts became the voice of a long-awaited friend in the frozen and dark besieged Leningrad houses, became the voice of Leningrad itself. DURING THE WAR, SHE SURVIVED ALL 900 DAYS OF THE BLOCKADE OF LENINGRAD, MADE FAMOUS PROGRAMS ON THE RADIO, WITH HER WORD CALLING HER COMMANDERS TO COURAGE. O. BERGGOLTZ’S POEMS FOR EACH OF HER READERS AND LISTENERS BECAME “DEMON” FOOD FOR TWO”, CAUSES TRUST AND HOPE: AFTER THE POETESS “FROM THE BOSS OF THE SOUL TORE OUT HIS VERSE, WITHOUT SPAREING ITS LIVING TISSUE.” IT IS OLGA BERGGOLTZ THAT BELONGES THE CAPacious FORMULA OF MEMORY ABOUT THE WAR: “NO ONE IS FORGOTTEN, AND NOTHING IS FORGOTTEN” OLGA FEDOROVNA BERGGOLTZ ()
Museums of besieged Leningrad: Museum of the History of St. Petersburg: monument to the “Heroic Defenders of Leningrad” Museum of the History of St. Petersburg: monument to the “Heroic Defenders of Leningrad” Museum of the History of St. Petersburg: monument to the “Heroic Defenders of Leningrad” Museum of the History of St. Petersburg: monument to the “Heroic Defenders” Leningrad" Museum-Reserve "Breaking the Siege of Leningrad" Museum-Reserve "Breaking the Siege of Leningrad" Museum-Reserve "Breaking the Siege of Leningrad" Museum-Reserve "Breaking the Siege of Leningrad" Museum "Road of Life" Museum "Road of Life" Museum "Road of Life" Museum "Road of Life"
Museum of the History of St. Petersburg, monument to the “Heroic Defenders of Leningrad” The permanent exhibition is located in the underground Memorial Hall. Abundance of natural stone in decoration, symbolic details interior decoration, strict interior forms give the hall a special solemnity. Along the walls there is a bronze frieze with continuous row lamps made from 76-mm shell casings. Along the perimeter of all underground premises, 900 lamps were installed according to the number of days of the siege. There are inscriptions on the walls: in the lobbies the names of enterprises of the city and region that worked for the front, in the hall the names settlements Leningrad region, where fierce fighting took place. In the hall you can hear the radio call signs of Moscow, followed by the beat of a metronome; these are sound documents of the era. 12 documentary and artistic compositions are dedicated to the history of the defense and siege of Leningrad. All exhibits are grouped thematically and placed next to the mosaic panels “Blockade. 1941" and "Victory". Their authors are S. N. Repin, I. G. Uralov, N. P. Fomin.
Museum of the History of St. Petersburg, monument to the “Heroic Defenders of Leningrad” In the center of the hall is a relief map-scheme of the “Heroic Battle for Leningrad”, the electronic and sound systems of which make visible the lines of the city’s defense, the stages of breaking through and lifting the blockade. About 700 names of Heroes of the Soviet Union, Heroes of Socialist Labor, holders of the Order of Glory of three degrees, awarded these awards for the defense of Leningrad, are carved in gold on the marble memorial plaque. In the niches near the Heroes board there are pages of the bronze “Book of Memory”, which contains a complete list of military formations that defended Leningrad. On granite pedestals near the northern wall there are pages of the unique “Chronicle of the Heroic Days of the Siege of Leningrad,” telling about each of the 900 days of the siege. Silhouettes of the besieged city appear on two video screens: the 10-minute documentary film “Memories of the Siege,” accompanied by fragments of D. D. Shostakovich’s Seventh Symphony, allows you to more acutely feel the tragedy of Leningrad and the greatness of the feat of its defenders. Event participants come here to be alone with their memories. Ceremonies and rituals are held here
Museum-reserve "Breakthrough the Siege of Leningrad" Museum-reserve "Breakthrough the Siege of Leningrad" was created in the southern Ladoga region on the sites of fierce battles for Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War. Its artistic and ideological dominant is a diorama dedicated to breaking the siege of Leningrad in January 1943 and placed on the ramp of the Ladoga Bridge near the village of Maryino in the Kirov district of the Leningrad region. The diorama museum - the first and so far the only museum of its kind in the North-West - was opened on May 7, 1985. The creators of the diorama (a ribbon-shaped, semicircular picture with three-dimensional objects located in the foreground) are Leningrad artists, war veterans and participants in the Leningrad epic Yu .N. Garikov, L.V. Kabachek, B.V. Kotik, N.M. Kutuzov, G.K. Moltenninov, F.V. Savostyanov, V.I. Seleznev. In addition to the diorama museum, the Breakthrough of the Siege of Leningrad reserve includes several other monuments. This memorial complex"Nevsky Piglet" (3 km from the village of Maryino, on the southern outskirts of Kirovsk), Sinyavinsky Heights and the place where the blockade was broken - the meeting of the troops of the Leningrad and Volkhov fronts.
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
On perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
Document with changes made:
(Russian newspaper, N 188, 08/31/2004) (for the procedure for entry into force, see);
(Rossiyskaya Gazeta, N 250, 08.11.2006);
(Rossiyskaya Gazeta, N 158, 07/25/2008) (came into force on January 1, 2009);
(Rossiyskaya Gazeta, N 159, 07/22/2011);
(Official Internet portal of legal information www.pravo.gov.ru, 04/08/2013);
(Official Internet portal of legal information www.pravo.gov.ru, 07/03/2016, N 0001201607030004) (for the procedure for entry into force, see);
(Official Internet portal of legal information www.pravo.gov.ru, 12/06/2017, N 0001201712060035) (came into force on January 1, 2018);
(Official Internet portal of legal information www.pravo.gov.ru, 07.19.2018, N 0001201807190049).
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Respect for the memory of those who died while defending the Fatherland or its interests is the sacred duty of all citizens.
Section I. General provisions
SECTION I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1. Perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
The memory to be perpetuated is:
those killed during military operations, while performing other combat missions or while performing official duties to defend the Fatherland;
those killed while performing military duty in the territories of other states;
those who died from wounds, concussions, injuries or diseases received in the defense of the Fatherland, regardless of the time of occurrence of these consequences, as well as those who went missing during military operations, while performing other combat missions or while performing official duties;
those who died, who died in captivity, in which they found themselves due to the current combat situation, but who did not lose their honor and dignity, who did not betray their Motherland.
Tribute is also paid to foreign citizens who died defending Russia.
In addition, the memory of associations, formations and institutions that distinguished themselves in the defense of the Fatherland is perpetuated, as well as places of military operations that have gone down in history as symbols of heroism, courage and fortitude of the peoples of our Fatherland are perpetuated.
Article 2. Forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
The main forms of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are:
preservation and improvement of military graves, creation, preservation and improvement of other burial places of those killed in defense of the Fatherland, installation of tombstones, monuments, steles, obelisks, other memorial structures and objects perpetuating the memory of those killed;
preservation and development of individual territories historically associated with the exploits of those killed in defense of the Fatherland;
conducting search work aimed at identifying unknown military graves and unburied remains, establishing the names of those killed and missing in action while defending the Fatherland, entering their names and other information about them in the Memory Books and relevant information systems;
the creation of memorial museums and the construction of memorial signs at the sites of military operations;
publishing materials in the media about those who died defending the Fatherland, creating works of art and literature dedicated to their exploits, organizing exhibitions;
assigning the names of those who died while defending the Fatherland to streets and squares, geographical objects, organizations, including educational organizations, institutions, military units and formations, ships and vessels;
entering the names of those killed in defense of the Fatherland forever into the lists of personnel of military units, military professional educational organizations and military educational organizations of higher education;
establishing memorial dates to perpetuate the names of those killed in defense of the Fatherland.
By decision of state authorities and local self-government bodies, public-state associations, public associations, other measures may be carried out to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland.
An element of a military burial or memorial structure located outside a military burial that allows a fire to burn continuously is the Eternal Flame. An element of a military burial or memorial structure located outside a military burial, which provides the opportunity for periodic burning of fire, is a Fire of Remembrance. The order of frequency of burning the Memory Fire is established by the authorized federal body executive power to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland.
(Part additionally included by Federal Law of July 19, 2018 N 214-FZ)
(Article as amended, put into effect on April 19, 2013 by Federal Law of April 5, 2013 N 52-FZ.
Section II. Burials of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
SECTION II
Burials of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
Article 3. Burials of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
The burial places of those who died defending the Fatherland with the tombstones, monuments, steles, obelisks, fencing elements and other memorial structures and objects located on them are military graves.
These include: military memorial cemeteries, military cemeteries, individual military sites in common cemeteries, mass and individual graves in common cemeteries and outside cemeteries, columbariums and urns with the ashes of the dead, burial places in the waters of the seas and oceans, places of death of warships, naval , river and aircraft with crews.
Article 4. Procedure for burial (reburial) of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
The burial (reburial) of those killed in defense of the Fatherland is carried out with military honors. However, religious ceremonies are not prohibited. Responsibility for the maintenance of burial places, equipment and design of graves and cemeteries of those killed in defense of the Fatherland rests with local governments, and in terms of giving military honors - with military authorities (part as amended, put into effect on January 1, 2005 by Federal Law dated 22 August 2004 N 122-FZ.
The burial of unburied remains of the dead discovered during search work on the territory of the Russian Federation is organized and carried out by local government bodies, and on the territories of other states - by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation through diplomatic missions and consular offices of the Russian Federation (part as amended August 2, 2011 Federal Law of July 18, 2011 N 213-FZ.
When the remains of military personnel from the armies of other states are discovered, burial is carried out with the information and, if necessary, with the participation of representatives of the relevant organizations of these states.
The reburial of the remains of the dead is carried out by decision of local governments with mandatory notification of the relatives of the dead, whose search is carried out by military authorities (as amended by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ.
The burial of those killed during military operations is carried out in accordance with the requirements of charters, orders and command directives.
Article 5. State registration, maintenance and improvement of military graves
Military graves are subject to state registration. On the territory of the Russian Federation, their records are maintained by local government bodies, and on the territories of other states - by representative offices of the Russian Federation. For each military burial, a memorial sign is installed and a passport is drawn up.
Federal Law of April 5, 2013 N 52-FZ.
Military graves are maintained in accordance with the provisions of the Geneva Conventions for the Protection of Victims of War of August 12, 1949 and generally accepted norms of international law.
Responsibility for the maintenance of military graves on the territory of the Russian Federation rests with local authorities, and in closed areas of military garrisons - with the commanders of these garrisons. The maintenance and improvement of military graves located on the territories of other states are carried out in the manner determined by interstate treaties and agreements (as amended, put into effect on January 1, 2005 by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ.
Article 6. Ensuring the safety of military graves
In order to ensure the safety of military graves in the places where they are located, local government bodies establish security zones and zones of protected natural landscapes in the manner determined by the legislation of the Russian Federation (as amended, entered into force on January 1, 2005 by the Federal Law of August 22, 2004 year N 122-FZ.
Identified military graves are subject to protection in accordance with the requirements of this Law until the issue of accepting them for state registration is resolved.
Projects for planning, development and reconstruction of cities and other settlements, construction projects are developed taking into account the need to ensure the safety of military graves.
Construction, excavation, road and other work, as a result of which military graves may be damaged, are carried out only after agreement with local governments (as amended by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ .
Enterprises, organizations, institutions and citizens are responsible for the safety of military graves located on lands provided to them for use. If burials are discovered on the lands provided to them, they are obliged to report this to local government bodies (as amended as amended by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ.
The safety of military graves is ensured by local governments (part additionally included from January 1, 2005 by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ).
Article 7. Restoration of military graves
Military burial grounds, memorial structures and objects perpetuating the memory of those who have fallen into disrepair are subject to restoration by local government bodies (as amended, introduced on January 1, 2005 by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ.
Enterprises, institutions, organizations or citizens responsible for damaging military graves are obliged to restore them.
Section III. Search work
SECTION III
SEARCH WORK
Article 8. Organization of search work
Search work is organized and carried out by public-state associations, public associations authorized to carry out such work, in the manner prescribed by the authorized federal executive body for perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland, in order to identify unknown military graves and unburied remains, establish the names of the dead and missing while defending the Fatherland and perpetuating their memory.
(Part as amended, entered into force on April 19, 2013 by Federal Law of April 5, 2013 N 52-FZ.
Carrying out search work in places where military operations took place, as well as opening military graves on an amateur initiative, is prohibited.
Article 9. Procedure for conducting search work
The procedure for carrying out search work is determined by this Law and other regulatory legal acts adopted by federal government bodies, government bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and in terms of burial of the dead - by local government bodies within their competence (part as amended, entered into force on January 1 2005 Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ.
The burial of the remains of the dead discovered during search operations is carried out in accordance with Article 4 of this Law, and previously unknown military graves discovered, after their examination, recording and registration, are improved by the forces of local governments with the participation of military units stationed in the relevant territories (part as amended, entered into force on January 1, 2005 by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ.
Found weapons, documents and other property of the deceased are transferred according to an act to the military authorities at the place of their discovery for study, examination and accounting. In this case, documents, personal belongings and awards of the victims are transferred to their relatives or museums, small arms are transferred to the internal affairs bodies. Small arms and other weapons, after being brought into a condition that precludes their use in combat, can be transferred for display to museums.
The discovery of explosive objects is immediately reported to military authorities, who, in accordance with the established procedure, take measures to neutralize or destroy them. The removal of explosive objects from the places where they were discovered and their transportation as an independent initiative is prohibited.
Section IV. Bodies of state power and local self-government carrying out work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland, and their powers
SECTION IV
BODIES OF STATE AUTHORITY AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT WORKING TO PERPETUATE THE MEMORY OF THOSE WHO DIED IN DEFENING THE FATHERLAND, AND THEIR POWERS
(name of the section as amended, put into effect on January 1, 2005 by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ
Article 10. Bodies of state power and local self-government carrying out work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
(name of the article as amended, put into effect on January 1, 2005 by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ
Management of the work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland and its coordination are entrusted to the authorized federal executive body (as amended as amended by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ.
The activities of this body and work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are carried out in the manner determined by the President of the Russian Federation (as amended as amended on January 1, 2005 by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ; as amended by effective from November 19, 2006 by Federal Law of November 3, 2006 N 179-FZ.
Work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland is organized and carried out by authorized federal executive authorities, and in terms of burial and maintenance of burial sites - local government bodies (as amended, entered into force on January 1, 2005 by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ.
Article 11. Powers of state authorities and local self-government bodies carrying out work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
The authorized federal executive body to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland:
manages and coordinates the work to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland;
develops state plans, programs, regulations and other documents on the basis of which events to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland are organized and carried out, determines the procedure for financing these events;
organizes centralized registration and certification of military graves of those killed in defense of the Fatherland, including graves located on the territories of other states;
in the manner established by it, organizes a centralized record of memorial structures located outside military graves and containing the Eternal Flame or the Fire of Memory;
(Paragraph additionally included by Federal Law of July 19, 2018 N 214-FZ)
establishes the order of frequency of burning the Fire of Memory;
(Paragraph additionally included by Federal Law of July 19, 2018 N 214-FZ)
____________________________________________________________________
Paragraphs five to eight of the first previous edition are considered, respectively, paragraphs seven to ten of the first present edition - Federal Law of July 19, 2018 N 214-FZ.
____________________________________________________________________
interacts with other states on the maintenance and improvement of military graves, submits draft interstate treaties and agreements on the status of military graves for consideration by the President of the Russian Federation;
organizes propaganda of the exploits of those killed in defense of the Fatherland, prepares publications in the media of lists of the names of the victims identified during the search work;
considers proposals from citizens, public associations, religious organizations on issues of perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland and takes measures for their implementation;
exercises control over the implementation of this Law.
Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation:
on behalf of the authorized federal executive body for perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland, develops plans and programs for military memorial work;
participates in the preparation of draft interstate agreements on the status of military graves located on the territories of other states, and burials of military personnel of the armies of other states on the territory of the Russian Federation;
maintains records of military graves and fallen military personnel;
coordinates the implementation of measures to ensure search work, as well as certification of military graves on the territory of the Russian Federation and on the territories of other states;
together with foreign representatives, participates in the exhumation of the remains of dead military personnel and their reburial;
participates in organizing propaganda of the exploits of military personnel who died defending the Fatherland;
considers requests from citizens to clarify the fate of missing relatives.
Military command bodies:
take part in the burial (reburial) of the remains of those killed in defense of the Fatherland in cases provided for by this Law;
provide practical assistance public associations in carrying out search work, burying (reburial) the remains of the dead and improving military graves;
carry out documentary reception of weapons, military equipment and other material assets discovered during search work, conduct their study, accounting and examination for further use;
participate in the identification and improvement of military graves located on the territories of other states, and carry out their registration;
are working to establish information about the dead and missing;
provide assistance in preparing materials for the publication of books of Memory.
Federal service troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation:
keeps records of dead military personnel internal troops the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, as well as accounting for those killed among its military personnel and employees;
carries out reception and temporary storage small arms discovered during search work, with its subsequent transfer to the internal affairs bodies;
Federal Law of December 5, 2017 N 391-FZ.
Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation:
takes part in establishing information about missing persons;
participates in the preparation of materials for the publication of books of Memory.
Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation:
provides public order during search work;
carries out the reception and storage of small arms discovered during search work;
(Paragraph as amended, put into effect on January 1, 2018 by Federal Law of December 5, 2017 N 391-FZ.
keeps records of the dead private and commanding personnel of internal affairs bodies;
takes part in establishing information about missing persons;
determines the procedure for publishing books of Memory in the Ministry system.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation:
develops draft interstate treaties and agreements on ensuring the safety and improvement of military graves on the territories of other states, burials of military personnel of the armies of other states on the territory of the Russian Federation, and also participates in the implementation of these treaties and agreements;
through diplomatic missions and consular offices of the Russian Federation in other states, carries out measures to establish information about those missing during hostilities, armed conflicts and during the performance of military duty in the territories of other states, organizes and carries out registration and certification of military graves, as well as reburial of remains those killed in the territories of other states;
coordinates with the relevant organizations of the states on whose territories military graves are located, issues regarding the installation of memorial signs at burial sites, as well as their improvement;
regulates the procedure for visiting military graves by relatives of those killed in the territories of other states;
establishes the procedure for visiting military graves on the territory of the Russian Federation by relatives of the fallen (deceased) - citizens of other states.
Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation:
maintains a record of those killed among its employees;
takes part in establishing the fate of missing persons;
participates in the preparation of materials for the publication of books of Memory.
Federal executive body in the field of mass media:
provides a printing base for the publication of the All-Russian Book of Memory;
provides regular reports in the media about the search for the dead and missing.
Federal executive body in the field of culture and art:
organizes events aimed at perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland;
takes part in the construction of monuments and memorials, the creation of museum displays and exhibitions of federal significance, the reconstruction of tombstones and monuments to the fallen of federal significance, the classification and certification of military graves.
Local authorities:
carry out measures to maintain in order and improve military graves, memorial structures and objects perpetuating the memory of those who died defending the Fatherland, which are located on their territories, as well as work on the implementation of intergovernmental agreements on the care of the graves of foreign military personnel on the territory of the Russian Federation;
create a reserve of space for new military burials;
interact with the authorized federal executive body for perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland in order to organize a centralized record of memorial structures located outside military graves and containing the Eternal Flame or the Flame of Memory.
(Paragraph additionally included by Federal Law of July 19, 2018 N 214-FZ)
In the constituent entities of the Russian Federation - the federal cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sevastopol, the powers of local government bodies provided for by this Law, in accordance with the laws of the specified constituent entities of the Russian Federation, may be exercised by the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation - the federal cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sevastopol.
(Article as amended, put into effect by Federal Law of July 3, 2016 N 227-FZ.
Section V. Financial and logistical support for measures to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. liability for violation of this Law
SECTION V
Financial and logistical support for events to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland. liability for violation of this Law
Article 12. Financial and logistical support for measures to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland
Expenses for carrying out events related to perpetuating the memory of those who died defending the Fatherland, including the construction of individual territories and objects historically associated with the exploits of the defenders of the Fatherland, as well as for organizing exhibitions and other events, can be carried out at the expense of the federal budget, the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Federation and local budgets in accordance with the competence of state authorities and local self-government bodies established by this Law, as well as voluntary contributions and donations of legal entities and individuals (as amended, entered into force on January 1, 2005 by the Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ.
The costs of carrying out activities carried out by the authorized federal executive body related to perpetuating the memory of those who died in defense of the Fatherland are financed from the federal budget (as amended as amended on January 1, 2005 by Federal Law of August 22, 2004 N 122-FZ; in as amended, put into effect on January 1, 2009 by Federal Law of July 23, 2008 N 160-FZ.
Expenses for the maintenance and improvement of military graves located on the territories of other states, and burials of military personnel of the armies of other states on the territory of the Russian Federation are carried out on the basis of interstate treaties and agreements.
The procedure for material and technical support of the measures provided for by this Law to perpetuate the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.
Article 13. Liability for violation of this Law
All military graves, as well as monuments and other memorial structures and objects perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland, are protected by the state.
Persons guilty of violating this Law bear administrative, criminal or other liability established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
President
Russian Federation
B. Yeltsin
The text of the resolution of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation dated January 14, 1993 N 4293-1 “On the implementation of the Law of the Russian Federation “On perpetuating the memory of those killed in defense of the Fatherland”, see the link.
Revision of the document taking into account
changes and additions prepared
JSC "Kodeks"
Materials from the presentation "Forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers" were used at open lesson dedicated to the 65th anniversary Great Victory! Authors: Deputy Director for OOD - Olga Alekseevna Shipilova, Life Safety and Chemistry teacher - Ramil Ravilyevich Zainutdinov. The material consists of two parts. For this material in 2017, Zainutdinov Ramil Ravilyevich received a certificate from the competition for the best teaching experience, which was held by the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Further Professional Education "Academy of Advanced Training and Professional Retraining of Education Workers" (http://www.apkpro.ru/ngi).
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Lesson topic: Forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers THE WAR HAS PASSED, THE SUFFERING HAS PASSED, BUT THE PAIN CALLS TO PEOPLE: LET'S NEVER FORGET ABOUT THIS, PEOPLE! A.T.TVARDOVSKY
Objectives: 1. To introduce the classification of forms of preserving the memory of Russian soldiers. 2. Introduce the conceptual apparatus of the topic. 3. Study examples of forms of preserving the memory of Russian soldiers. 4. Reinforce the material by completing differentiated tasks. The purpose of the lesson: the formation of a humanistic worldview and patriotism while studying forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers.
Federal Law “Days of Military Glory of Russia” Article 2. Forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers The main forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers who distinguished themselves in battles associated with the days of military glory of Russia are: the creation and preservation of memorial museums, the establishment and improvement of monuments, obelisks, steles , other memorial buildings and objects perpetuating the days of military glory of Russia, organizing exhibitions, installing memorial signs at places of military glory; preservation and development of territories historically associated with the exploits of Russian soldiers who distinguished themselves in battles associated with the days of military glory of Russia; publication in the media of materials related to the days of military glory of Russia; assigning the names of national heroes who distinguished themselves in battles associated with the days of military glory of Russia to populated areas, streets and squares, physical and geographical objects, military units, ships and vessels: By decision of state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation and Local government bodies may also carry out other activities to perpetuate the memory of Russian soldiers who distinguished themselves in battles associated with the days of military glory of Russia.
Classification of forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers Classification of forms of perpetuating the memory of Russian soldiers Audio and video recordings Memorials Museums (various profiles) Educational system Fine arts Media Works of literature Awarding the title “City of Military Glory” Awarding the title “National Hero”
Basic concepts of the lesson. Diorama (from the Greek dia - through, through and horama - view, spectacle): 1. A type of painting with images executed on both sides of a translucent material. Used in theatrical and decorative arts (curtains, backdrops, etc.). 2. A ribbon-shaped painting (mainly of battle scenes) on a semicircular stretcher with an illusory image and a foreground subject (prop and real objects, structures). Designed for artificial lighting, located in special pavilions. A museum is a non-profit cultural institution created by the owner for the storage, study and public presentation of museum objects and museum collections. A memorial is a structure designed to perpetuate people, events, objects, and sometimes animals. Most often, the monument does not serve any other function other than memorial. The most common types of monuments are a sculptural group, a statue, a bust, a slab with a relief or an inscription, a triumphal arch, a column, an obelisk, a pyramid, a mausoleum, a tomb, a gravestone, a tomb, etc. The Pantheon (French Panthéon) is an architectural and historical monument. A monument is an object that forms part of the cultural heritage of a country, people, humanity and is usually protected by special laws, as well as a work of art created to perpetuate people or historical events: sculpture, slab with relief or inscription, triumphal arch, column, bust, tombstone, etc. An obelisk is a memorial structure in the form of a faceted, usually square in cross-section, tapering upward stone pillar with a pointed pyramidal top. Originated in Ancient Egypt Stele - (Greek stele - column, tombstone) - a vertical, usually rectangular stone slab, decorated with ornaments, reliefs, sometimes picturesque images and inscriptions. Types of steles: funerary, memorial, dedication steles.
Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. In honor of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. On May 9, 1995, the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 was opened in Moscow on Poklonnaya Hill in Victory Park, which became the center of the Victory Memorial Complex. The museum consists of a military-historical exhibition, depicting the chronicle of the hard times of war, and an artistic one. The pride of the museum are 6 dioramas dedicated to the most important battles of the war. A special feature of the exhibition is audiovisual complexes demonstrating authentic newsreels of the war years, rare photographs, cartographic and archival materials. The museum is equipped with an automated system for searching information about those who fell during the Great Patriotic War - the “Book of Memory”. The museum exhibition also continues in Victory Park, where an exhibition of military equipment and engineering and fortification structures of the Great Patriotic War and World War II is located. Rare examples of captured equipment are presented. The scale of coverage of the historical period, the versatility and technical equipment of the exhibition, the variety of collections, and the rich scientific library allow the museum to occupy a special place among similar military-historical museum centers in Russia.
Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. and Victory Park constitute a unique urban planning ensemble, which includes the main monument - a 142.5-meter bayonet with bronze bas-reliefs and the goddess of Victory Nika, the Church of the Holy Great Martyr George the Victorious, the Memorial Mosque, the Memorial Synagogue, and the Catholic Chapel.
Battle for Moscow “Expressing deep gratitude to all the survivors of the battle for Moscow, I bow my head to the blessed memory of those who fought to the death, but did not allow the enemy to reach the heart of our Motherland, its capital, the hero city of Moscow. We are all indebted to them!” Marshal of the Soviet Union G. K. Zhukov
Defense of Moscow
Battle for Moscow Monument to the Defenders of Moscow in Zelenograd Memorial “There were ten thousand of them” Mozhaisky district, Minskoe highway, 141st km Mozhaisky district - Death Valley Memorial to Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya Ruza district, Minskoe highway, 86th km
Moscow. Monument at Peremilovskaya Heights. From here the victory began... "MOSCOW, MY BIRD MOTHER, I LOVE YOU WITH ALL my HEART, HOLY..."
Creativity of the Kukryniksy “Pliers in pincers”, Kukryniksy, 1941, poster. After initial successes - the encirclement and destruction of several Soviet armies - the German offensive was stopped. Kukryniksy - a creative team of Soviet artists - graphic artists and painters, which included full members of the USSR Academy of Arts, People's Artists of the USSR (1958), Heroes of Socialist Labor Mikhail Vasilyevich Kupriyanov (1903-1991), Porfiry Nikitich Krylov (1902-1990) and Nikolai Aleksandrovich Sokolov (1903-2000).
The Siege of Leningrad (September 8, 1941 - January 27, 1944) was a tragic period in the history of the city on the Neva, when over 640 thousand residents died from hunger alone, tens of thousands died during artillery shelling and bombing, and died in evacuation.
Diorama "Besieged Leningrad"
Siege Leningrad
Pages from Tanya Savicheva's diary
Photo of the besieged city of Leningrad
A steam locomotive carries flour along tram rails in Leningrad
The voice of Olga Berggolts became the voice of a long-awaited friend in the frozen and dark besieged Leningrad houses, became the voice of Leningrad itself. DURING THE WAR, SHE SURVIVED ALL 900 DAYS OF THE BLOCKADE OF LENINGRAD, MADE FAMOUS PROGRAMS ON THE RADIO, WITH HER WORD CALLING HER COMMANDERS TO COURAGE. O. BERGGOLTZ’S POEMS FOR EACH OF HER READERS AND LISTENERS BECAME “DEMON” FOOD FOR TWO”, CAUSES TRUST AND HOPE: AFTER THE POETESS “FROM THE BOSS OF THE SOUL TORE OUT HIS VERSE, WITHOUT SPAREING ITS LIVING TISSUE.” IT IS OLGA BERGGOLTZ THAT BELONGES THE CAPacious FORMULA OF MEMORY ABOUT THE WAR: “NO ONE IS FORGOTTEN, AND NOTHING IS FORGOTTEN” OLGA FEDOROVNA BERGGOLTZ (1910-1975)
Road of life
Shostakovich's Seventh "Leningrad" Symphony is a symbol of perseverance and contempt for enemies
Removing the blockade
Museums of besieged Leningrad: Museum of the History of St. Petersburg: monument to the “Heroic Defenders of Leningrad” Museum-Reserve “Breaking the Siege of Leningrad” Museum “Road of Life”
Museum of the History of St. Petersburg, monument to the “Heroic Defenders of Leningrad” The permanent exhibition is located in the underground Memorial Hall. The abundance of natural stone in the decoration, symbolic details of the interior decoration, and strict interior forms give the hall a special solemnity. Along the walls there is a bronze frieze with a continuous row of lamps made from 76-mm shell casings. There are 900 lamps installed along the perimeter of all underground premises - according to the number of days of the siege. There are inscriptions on the walls: in the vestibules - the names of enterprises of the city and region that worked for the front, in the hall - the names of settlements in the Leningrad region, where fierce battles took place. In the hall you can hear the radio call signs of Moscow, followed by the beat of a metronome - these are sound documents of the era. 12 documentary and artistic compositions are dedicated to the history of the defense and siege of Leningrad. All exhibits are grouped thematically and placed next to the mosaic panels “Blockade. 1941" and "Victory". Their authors are S. N. Repin, I. G. Uralov, N. P. Fomin.
Museum of the History of St. Petersburg, monument to the “Heroic Defenders of Leningrad” In the center of the hall is a relief map-scheme of the “Heroic Battle for Leningrad”, the electronic and sound systems of which make visible the lines of the city’s defense, the stages of breaking through and lifting the blockade. About 700 names of Heroes of the Soviet Union, Heroes of Socialist Labor, holders of the Order of Glory of three degrees, awarded these awards for the defense of Leningrad, are carved in gold on the marble memorial plaque. In the niches near the Heroes board there are pages of the bronze “Book of Memory”, which contains a complete list of military formations that defended Leningrad. On granite pedestals near the northern wall there are pages of the unique “Chronicle of the Heroic Days of the Siege of Leningrad,” telling about each of the 900 days of the siege. Silhouettes of the besieged city appear on two video screens: the 10-minute documentary film “Memories of the Siege,” accompanied by fragments of D. D. Shostakovich’s Seventh Symphony, allows you to more acutely feel the tragedy of Leningrad and the greatness of the feat of its defenders. Event participants come here to be alone with their memories. Ceremonies and rituals are held here
Museum-reserve "Breakthrough the Siege of Leningrad" Museum-reserve "Breakthrough the Siege of Leningrad" was created in the southern Ladoga region on the sites of fierce battles for Leningrad during the Great Patriotic War. Its artistic and ideological dominant is a diorama dedicated to breaking the siege of Leningrad in January 1943 and placed on the ramp of the Ladoga Bridge near the village of Maryino in the Kirov district of the Leningrad region. The diorama museum - the first and so far the only museum of its kind in the North-West - was opened on May 7, 1985. The creators of the diorama (a ribbon-shaped, semicircular picture with three-dimensional objects located in the foreground) are Leningrad artists, war veterans and participants in the Leningrad epic Yu .N. Garikov, L.V. Kabachek, B.V. Kotik, N.M. Kutuzov, G.K. Moltenninov, F.V. Savostyanov, V.I. Seleznev. In addition to the diorama museum, the Breakthrough of the Siege of Leningrad reserve includes several other monuments. This is the memorial complex "Nevsky Piglet" (3 km from the village of Maryino, on the southern outskirts of Kirovsk), Sinyavinsky Heights and the site of the breakthrough of the blockade - the meeting of the troops of the Leningrad and Volkhov fronts.
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