Diet for cholelithiasis. All about the diet for cholelithiasis: what you can eat and what not, sample menu, food lists

Stones lead to the development of chronic and calculous cholecystitis, as well as cholelithiasis. In some cases, due to their accumulation in the gallbladder, rupture of the walls of the organ can occur, which leads to severe complications in the form of peritonitis.

Proper nutrition with gallstones is necessary for the following reasons:

• will help the rapid treatment of cholelithiasis, getting rid of stones and sand;
• prevent complications;
• will help to live without periods of exacerbation and surgery to remove the organ.

But in order for a diet for gallstones to give a positive result, it must be prescribed by a doctor. It is also necessary to eliminate the cause of stone formation.

To improve the quality of the diet and exclude an operation to remove an organ, you must adhere to the following principles:

1. Normalize the diet. You need to eat at a certain time, you can not overeat and starve
2. Carry out normal physical activity. Do not get involved in excessive physical activity, but do not sit for days.
3. Put your weight in order, get rid of extra pounds.
4. Stop using hormonal drugs.

The main reasons for the accumulation of stones in the gallbladder include:

• increased lithogenicity of bile. This property denotes its ability to settle into stones;
• stagnation of bile;
• infectious and inflammatory processes.

What groups of people are most susceptible to such changes? Risk factors include:

Diet rules for adults and children with cholelithiasis of the gallbladder

The diet for cholelithiasis, as well as for cholecystitis, provides for many restrictions. Its purpose is not only to provide good nutrition for the patient, but also to facilitate digestive processes, prevent congestion.

The diet for cholelithiasis allows patients to achieve the following results:

1. The liver begins to function in a sparing mode.
2. The work of the bile ducts is normalized.
3. The development of new stones is prevented.
4. The weight is reduced.
5. Improves overall well-being.

In the process of preparing meals, patients should adhere to the following recommendations:

1. All dishes for the patient must first be crushed or ground. You can puree them with a kitchen blender. Thanks to this consistency, it is possible to significantly reduce the load that will be placed on the bubble. As a result, it will begin to gradually decrease in size, and will not produce an excessive amount of bile. Accordingly, there will be no stagnation in the bubble.
2. Dishes that are prepared for this category of patients should be steamed, baked in the oven (without golden brown), boiled. In rare cases, patients may indulge in stews.
3. It is strictly forbidden to fry foods, since this method of cooking results in the formation of oxidized fats, and they, in turn, have a negative effect on the course of cholelithiasis.
4. Food that is served to the patient should have a temperature ranging from 15°C to 65°C. If the patient eats too hot or cold dishes, they will irritate the gastric mucosa and stimulate the production of bile.
5. Patients should adhere to fractional nutrition, which includes up to six meals per day. Due to the constant intake of food at the same time, the functionality of the bladder is normalized, the processes of bile discharge are stabilized.
6. Patients should limit the amount of salt. Permissible daily dosage should not exceed 10g.
7. As for the liquid, this category of patients needs to drink at least 2 liters of clean water daily.
8. Alcohol-containing drinks are strictly prohibited, as they will provoke spasm of the bladder, the occurrence of hepatic colic.
9. The process of absorption of food should be slow. The patient at this moment should be in a calm environment. Each bite should be chewed thoroughly. Due to this, rapid saturation will occur and a person will not be able to consume excessive amounts of food.

Sample menu for the day: two options for women with gallstones

The basis of nutrition for the accumulation of stones in the gallbladder and ducts is boiled meat and various vegetables. Meat is better to choose low-fat varieties, and before cooking, carefully remove all films from it and cut off fat.

Especially useful for women are veal, lamb and lamb - these types of meat contain a lot of iron and help prevent anemia, especially in women prone to menorrhagia (long and heavy periods) or uterine bleeding.

Women who are overweight should choose rabbit, turkey, chicken or chicken fillets - this is a dietary meat that not only enriches the body with the necessary elements, but also contains little fat, allowing you to control body weight.

You can cook casseroles from boiled meat by adding various vegetables, soufflé or mashed potatoes. From vegetables, all types of cabbage, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin are especially useful. Pumpkin puree soup with the addition of a small amount of cream can be an excellent dish for lunch or for a hearty, but at the same time light, dinner.

• radish;
• radish;
• onions and green onions;
• garlic;
• spinach.

Greens with gallstone disease are not contraindicated, but you should not use spices with a high content of essential acids, such as sorrel, cilantro and parsley. Before adding greens to ready-made dishes, it must be scalded with boiling water or kept in hot water for at least 2 minutes.

What kind of fish can you eat?

You should also choose low-fat fish, but with a sparing and dietary cooking method (without adding oil), several times a month you can afford fatty sea and river fish, such as herring, mackerel, trout or salmon.

Cod, hake, pollock, tuna and halibut are perfect for everyday nutrition. It is necessary to cook fish with the addition of a small amount of salt, herbs. As a side dish, it is better to choose stewed or grilled vegetables.

From seafood 2-3 times a month, you can afford a small amount of boiled shrimp, mussels or oysters. Smoked delicacies (for example, smoked squid) should be excluded from the diet.

Bread: is it possible or not?

Bread in the diet should be present daily, as it is a good source of magnesium and B vitamins that regulate the functioning of the nervous system and heart rate. Butter buns, loaf, bread made from wheat flour of the first and highest grade, gingerbread, pies - all this is contraindicated for patients with cholelithiasis.

The best choice for women with cholelithiasis would be whole grain buns made from wholemeal flour, as well as rye crackers - they can be replaced with regular bread or added to first courses to improve taste.

What else can you eat?

Some people think that women with gallstone disease should avoid eggs because they are high in cholesterol. This is not true: eggs can be included in the menu, but not more than 1-2 times a week. It is even better to replace chicken eggs with quail eggs: they have 3 times less cholesterol, and the content of vitamins and minerals (including the necessary magnesium) is almost 50% more.

Fruits (bananas, apples, peaches, pears) are best consumed baked, as raw fruits contain a lot of coarse vegetable fiber, which irritates the walls of the digestive tract and provokes pain in the abdomen.

The menu can also include all fermented milk products, with the exception of whole cow's milk, which is difficult to digest and can cause constipation. Butter for patients with cholelithiasis should be bought only natural, made from cream, with a fat content of at least 82.5%. The maximum allowable daily intake of oil for women is 12 g.

Option 1

meal	What and how much to eat?	Image
Breakfast	Buckwheat porridge on pasteurized milk, diluted with boiled water in a ratio of 1: 1 (200 g); a piece of black bread with a thin layer of butter; black tea with sugar (180 ml)
Lunch	Baked apple in caramel glaze (200 g)
Dinner	Cauliflower puree soup with meatballs (250 ml); cod with a side dish of stewed vegetables (170 g); fig compote (150 ml)
afternoon tea	Cookies "Maria" (2 pieces); fermented baked milk 4% (200 ml)
Dinner	Cottage cheese casserole with canned peaches (240 g); lingonberry kissel (190 ml)
Before bedtime	Natural yogurt without additives (100 g)

Option 2

meal	What and how much to eat?	Image
Breakfast	Omelet from two eggs with tomatoes and boiled chicken; black bread sandwich with low-fat pate; cranberry juice (180 ml)
Lunch	Curd soufflé with pear (210 g)
Dinner	Fish soup with vegetables (250 ml); mashed potatoes with steamed beef (220 g); prunes compote (150 ml)
afternoon tea	Brown bread croutons (70 g); curdled milk (140 ml)
Dinner	Cabbage, bell pepper and chicken casserole with low-fat cheese (240 g); weak tea with milk or cream (200 ml)
Before bedtime	Kefir 1% (100 ml)

With an exacerbation of this pathology, patients are immediately transferred to therapeutic starvation. He should refrain from eating food during the first day of relapse. He can drink rosehip broth, juices diluted with water and weak teas.

On the second day, the patient is transferred to a strict diet table No. 5B. Thanks to such nutrition, it will be possible to relieve inflammation, since the diet will lack dishes that can act as chemical and mechanical irritants.

During an exacerbation, the patient's diet should consist of the following dishes:

• mashed food cooked in water;
• mucous soups;
• mashed thin porridges;
• homemade compotes;
• homemade jelly;
• crackers or yesterday's bread;
• boiled and pureed meat of low-fat varieties;
• boiled fish;
• low-fat cottage cheese

Gallstone disease is represented by an accumulation of stones inside the gallbladder, its ducts. Usually it manifests itself with improper metabolism, a sedentary lifestyle, the presence of a similar pathology in ancestors.

Diet for gallstone disease in women is considered a very important method of treatment. The development of this pathology is facilitated by food that is oversaturated with fats and carbohydrates.

How pathology manifests itself: symptoms and clinical features

ZHKB makes itself felt immediately. If the stone is localized directly in the gallbladder, and not in the duct, then the patient may not feel any manifestations. According to statistics, about 70% of patients do not show any complaints in the first few years of the disease. Then there are dyspeptic disorders.

The first signs of the disease that you need to pay attention to are bitterness and dryness in the mouth, nausea, discomfort in the right hypochondrium. In addition, the patient may be disturbed by belching, bouts of heartburn, unstable stools and bloating.

In women, signs of gallstone disease are characterized by increased pain during menstruation. This form of the disease can last several decades and be accompanied by bouts of biliary colic in the absence of adequate treatment.

Paroxysmal colic often appears due to errors in the diet, when a person consumes a significant amount of heavy food. The patient feels a cutting pain in the right hypochondrium, which may radiate to the collarbone or right arm. The patient experiences nausea and vomiting, which does not bring relief.

If this does not happen, the bile ducts are blocked, and there is a risk of pathologies such as subhepatic jaundice.

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Timely diagnosis of pathology is of great importance for patients with cholelithiasis. The sooner the patient learns about his disease, the sooner he will be able to take the necessary measures to correct the diet and habits. Statistics show that almost half of patients learn that they have cholelithiasis during a routine examination of the abdominal organs, prescribed against the background of concomitant diagnoses and pathologies.

Many symptoms of cholelithiasis, such as dyspeptic pain and digestive disorders, can be interpreted by patients as the result of improper or abundant nutrition: no more than 7-8% of patients go to doctors at this stage.

The patient may also be disturbed by periodic pulling pains in the area of ​​localization of the projection of the gallbladder (right hypochondrium), nausea, heartburn, bad breath. In cholelithiasis complicated by dyskinesia (obstruction) of the bile ducts, changes can also be observed on the part of the skin: they become too pale and dry, and as the disease progresses, they acquire a yellowish tint.

Other symptoms of the disease include:

• belching with a putrid odor;
• stool instability (non-infectious diarrhea or spastic constipation);
• bitter or metallic taste in the mouth;
• bloating and heaviness in the abdomen, occurring at any time of the day and aggravated after eating.

Can food and diet cure gallstone disease?

Methods of treatment are selected depending on the severity of the course of the disease. Most doctors try to stop at conservative treatment, since the operation can lead to negative consequences for the general condition of the human body. If therapeutic treatment is ineffective, then the specialist decides on surgical intervention.

A key role is played by adherence to a diet, which sometimes acts as a full-fledged method of treating gallstone disease.

Therapeutic nutrition for the accumulation of calculi in the gallbladder or ducts must be followed from the moment of diagnosis (ideally, after the appearance of suspicions of possible disorders in the digestive tract).

The diet for patients with gallstone disease is based on reducing the consumption of fats and foods rich in cholesterol, as well as replacing refined foods with complex carbohydrates that require slow digestion and breakdown.

It is important that the daily diet is balanced not only in terms of the main nutritional components, but also in terms of the content of vitamins, omega acids, mineral salts and other useful substances. The amount of sugar per day should not exceed 70 g, and it is better to limit the amount of liquid you drink to 2.5 liters.

To speed up recovery and reduce the risk of exacerbations, it is important to follow the recommendations of experts in cooking and compiling a daily menu, listed below.

1. Patients with any form of cholelithiasis are forbidden to eat too cold or hot food. All dishes should have a temperature comfortable for the stomach - about 30 ° -36 °.
2. The volume of one serving should not exceed 250 g. The exception is first courses - they are allowed to eat up to 350 ml at a time.
3. For the entire period of treatment, fried foods, canned food, marinades and dishes with the addition of a large amount of fat, such as salads dressed with mayonnaise, are excluded.

At the stage when bile is just beginning to become thicker, proper nutrition can completely get rid of the formation of stones.

In the presence of large stones, optimizing the diet can stop their growth and prevent exacerbation.

• You are tormented by a feeling of heaviness and a dull pain in your right side.
• A bad breath will not add confidence.
• And somehow it's a shame if your liver still causes digestive problems.
• In addition, the medicines recommended by doctors for some reason are ineffective in your case.

There is an effective remedy for liver diseases. Follow the link and find out what Elena Malysheva has to say about liver care!

Diet for gallstone disease: recipes, nutrition after surgery

One of the newest methods of treating gallstone disease is lithotripsy. The method is the crushing of stones through the skin. It is less traumatic, not very painful, but not effective enough for the treatment of cholelithiasis due to the peculiarities of the localization of calculi, which can be located deep under the skin.

If drug therapy, lithotripsy and other methods of conservative treatment were ineffective, cholecystectomy is used - a surgical treatment of cholelithiasis, which consists in removing the gallbladder. The operation does not apply to complex types of surgical intervention, but requires certain recommendations to be followed during the preparation period and after the removal of the organ.

Within 24 hours after the operation, any foods and liquids are completely excluded from the patient's diet. If a woman is very thirsty, you can moisten her lips with water. In exceptional cases, a small amount of drinking water is allowed, but the daily volume should not exceed 200 ml.

Starting from the second day, vegetable and meat purees (can be bought in baby food departments), as well as low-fat broths from fish or poultry meat, can be gradually introduced into the woman's diet. On the third day, you can add liquid porridge, jelly and cottage cheese soufflé to the menu. You will need to adhere to such a diet for 5-7 days.

On the tenth day after the operation, a woman can eat dishes recommended for patients with cholelithiasis. It is recommended to adhere to such a diet constantly in order to eliminate unnecessary stress on the digestive tract and maintain a constant chemical composition of bile, which becomes more concentrated after removal of the gallbladder.

After the operation, you can not eat for the first day. When the patient gets a little better, he is allowed unsweetened tea, dried fruit compote, jelly, low-fat cottage cheese.

The volume of fluid entering the body should vary from 1 to 1.5 liters per day. It is allowed to use no more than 150 ml at a time.

After three days, it is allowed to add mashed potatoes, vegetarian soup, a little butter to the diet. Next comes the turn of lean fish, apple and pumpkin fresh juices, and a steam omelet. It is allowed to eat white stale bread.

7 days after surgery, liquid cereals are introduced: buckwheat, oatmeal, wheat, lean meat and dairy products. Next, steam cutlets, meatballs, meatballs are introduced.

After 10 days, the soup can be boiled in a weak meat broth, the porridge can be diluted with milk. After a month and a half, the doctor explains what foods can be eaten, and the patient is gradually transferred to table number 5.

Nutrition after removal of the gallbladder in a patient should be strictly dietary, have a uniform and light structure, all dishes should be consumed in the form of mashed potatoes and rubbed through a sieve or scrolled through a meat grinder. Portions should be small, meals should be regular and at the same set time.

Breakfast: oatmeal on the water, weak tea

Second breakfast: soft cottage cheese, perhaps adding 1-2 teaspoons of low-fat sour cream

Lunch: puree soup, jelly made from natural ingredients

Afternoon snack: rosehip broth

Dinner: vegetable puree, boiled fish / fish soufflé, a cup of tea

• Drink water in small volumes of 100-150 ml

Permanent menu after removal of the gallbladder:

1. Breakfast: porridge, protein omelette
2. Second breakfast: juice with crackers / biscuits / bran
3. Lunch: vegetable soup, cutlet / piece of boiled chicken with boiled carrots, jelly
4. Afternoon snack: a fruit of your choice, such as an apple
5. Dinner: carrot and apple salad, boiled fish with mashed potatoes, tea with milk
6. Drink a glass of yogurt an hour before bedtime

To maintain your health and prevent subsequent operations, it is imperative to follow the doctor's prescriptions and an appropriate diet, take care of your health.

Gallstone diseases (cholelithiasis) and the presence of stones in the gallbladder (choledocholithiasis) are often accompanied by very unpleasant, sometimes painful sensations. Failure to comply with the correct lifestyle, diet can lead to a deterioration in the patient's condition and lead to deplorable, sometimes irreversible consequences.

Bile accumulates in the gallbladder and is expelled from it every time we eat, only a regular meal empties it regularly. If bile lingers in the gallbladder for a long time, its walls absorb liquid, causing the bile to concentrate, which leads to the formation of stones.

Nutrition after removal of the gallbladder in a patient should be strictly dietary, have a uniform and light structure, all dishes should be consumed in the form of mashed potatoes and rubbed through a sieve or scrolled through a meat grinder. Portions should be small, meals should be regular and at the same set time.

The operation to remove the gallbladder entails the need to follow certain rules when eating:

• Restriction of smoked, fatty foods
• Eat fractionally, in small portions every 3 hours
• Drink water in small amounts

Dietary dishes and their recipes

Nutrition in the presence of an ailment can be not only useful, but also tasty. There are great recipes for making healthy meals.

Carrot and potato puree

To prepare the dish, you need 4 pieces of potatoes, they are peeled and cut into small cubes. Fill with water, boil until tender, then wipe and add hot milk. At the same time, one carrot is boiled and also rubbed.

Protein omelet

To prepare the dish, it is necessary to separate the yolks from the whites in 2 eggs. Pour 120 g of milk into the latter and beat with a whisk until airy.

The finished mass is placed in a greased form and placed in a preheated slow cooker or double boiler. An omelet is cooked in a water bath for about 15-20 minutes.

Steamed cottage cheese soufflé

It is necessary to grind 200 g of low-fat cottage cheese through a sieve and mix with 1 yolk, 0.5 tbsp. spoons of sugar. Pour 125 ml of milk into this container. Add 1-2 tablespoons of sour cream. Beat the mixture with a blender until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Next, mix 0.5 tablespoons of sugar with protein until foam forms.

The foam is carefully introduced into the curd mass and it is all placed in a baking dish. Put the dish to cook in a double boiler for 30 minutes.

Compliance with a diet does not mean meager and monotonous nutrition at all, it is a therapeutic and preventive diet with a variety of healthy dishes. The number of prohibitions is completely covered by the abundance of allowed ingredients, from which you can cook many delicious and healthy diet dishes.

Steam protein omelet

A dish that is universally suitable for both a second breakfast, an afternoon snack, and a dinner for a patient with gallstone disease is a protein omelet. To prepare it, you will need:

• 2 proteins;
• 100 ml of milk;
• a pinch of salt.

To begin with, beat the whites with salt with a whisk so that the egg mass becomes airy, then add milk and continue to beat for another 5 minutes for airiness. After that, pour the mass into a form for a double boiler, a multicooker with a steam mode or suitable for cooking in a water bath.

The same omelette can be cooked not only for a couple, but also in the oven, this will not affect its usefulness for the composition and consistency of bile.

Homemade diet sausages

Since you can’t eat sausage with diet No. 5 in case of problems with the composition and consistency of bile, you can get out of the situation by preparing sausages yourself. This requires the following products:

• 2 chicken breast fillets without skin;
• 2 egg whites;
• a pinch of salt;
• a tablespoon of semolina.

Cooking homemade diet sausages begins with chopping meat into minced meat. It is better to use a blender for this, so that the meat mass turns out to be a puree-like consistency. But in the absence of a blender, a meat grinder is also quite suitable, through which you will need to skip the meat twice.

Spread cling film on the table, lay the minced meat in a line, roll it up several times and tightly tie the ends of the film with a thread. Steam homemade chicken mini sausages for 40 minutes or drop them into boiling water for 10 minutes.

Rice and Meat Soup

You can have lunch with mashed rice and beef soup, to cook it you need to stock up:

• 100 grams of beef;
• a quarter of the yolk;
• 100 grams of milk;
• 300 grams of vegetable broth;
• 20 grams of rice;
• a teaspoon of butter.

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First of all, it is necessary to cook the meat so that it is disassembled into fibers and can be easily crushed to a puree state, and rice, which will also need to be chopped with a blender or pressed with a fork. Combine meat with rice and mix thoroughly.

Gradually pour vegetable broth into the resulting mass, mix again, put on a slow fire and boil. Pour the yolk into the hot soup, stir and refrigerate before drinking. In the process of cooking, any vegetable oils can be added to the soup: olive, linseed, sesame, etc. in the amount of a teaspoon.

Rabbit stewed in sour cream

And for the sauce:

• a tablespoon of flour;
• and 50 grams of vegetable broth (which is boiled for 40 minutes from carrots, potatoes and onions, in a ratio of 1:10, where 1 is vegetables and 10 is water);
• a teaspoon of butter.

The rabbit meat must be boiled and cooled, cut into pieces. In the meantime, you can start preparing the sauce. Grind flour with butter, add warmed, but not hot vegetable broth and stir until smooth. Bring to a boil, but do not boil, and stir in the sour cream, bringing back to a boil later.

Put the pieces of meat in a saucepan, pour over the sauce and simmer until tender for 15 minutes.

Diet pilaf recipe

Such a pilaf will appeal not only to a patient with gallstone disease, but also to the whole family. For pilaf according to a dietary recipe, it is necessary to prepare the following products:

• a pound of beef without veins, veal or chicken fillet;
• 700 grams of rice or 600 grams of rice cereal;
• 2 large carrots or 3 medium ones;
• a pinch of salt.

If beef was chosen for the preparation of dietary pilaf, then it will need to be cooked in a secondary broth, i.e. the first boiled water must be drained and poured with new cold water for further cooking. Chicken fillet does not require such frills; it can be cooked in the traditional way.

Cut the boiled meat into cubes, grate the carrots on a large side. Pour rice with water, based on a proportion of 1 to 2, where 1 is cereal, 2 is water. After boiling, pour the carrots into the pan and simmer until cooked over low heat, remembering to salt and stir from time to time.

Add the meat to the already prepared pilaf. Also, during the cooking process, you can add any vegetable oils: olive, linseed, etc. in the amount of a teaspoon.

Sweet rice casserole

Foods that do not contribute to the formation of stones can also be sweet. As a dessert, dinner or afternoon snack, you can eat rice casserole. To make such a lush and mouth-watering casserole, you need to prepare the following products:

• a glass of rice;
• 2 glasses of low-fat milk;
• a tablespoon of fat-free sour cream;
• 3 egg whites;
• 200 grams of cottage cheese;
• 3 small apples;
• 2 tablespoons of sugar.

You need to start cooking with the fact that milk is diluted with water and rice is cooked in this water. Cool the semi-finished rice, meanwhile make the cottage cheese more airy by rubbing through a sieve or beating with a blender. Peel the apples and cut them into cubes.

dry biscuit

You can also bake a dry biscuit for dessert, for this you need the following products:

• 2 egg whites;
• 40 grams of sugar;
• 50 grams of flour.

Initially, it is necessary to beat the egg whites with sugar so that the white mass is 3 times larger than the original. Before whipping, proteins must be preheated to 40 ° C. As soon as the mass increases, without stopping, but reducing the speed of the mixer, add flour in a thin stream and beat at medium speed for another 20 minutes.

A diet for gallstones forces the patient to keep a close eye on everything he has eaten. And what else can he do to prevent the appearance of new stones and complications?

From the menu you need to exclude alcohol, reduce the consumption of fatty and meat.

The patient should not eat fried, salty, spicy and smoked. It is also worth giving up high-calorie and cholesterol foods, for example, offal. From the menu you need to remove chocolate, coffee and cocoa, sauces, seasonings, as well as vegetables such as mushrooms, sorrel, radishes, garlic and onions. Cold and carbonated drinks should also be avoided.

No fast food - all food should be healthy. Despite the fact that the diet is quite strict, but it is very effective in the treatment of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis without surgery.

What should you eat when there are diseases such as cholelithiasis and cholecystitis?

The menu includes the following dishes:

• soups (vegetarian and dairy), borscht, cabbage soup, beetroot;
• protein omelet;
• dishes from lean red meat and poultry meat, for example, pilaf, steam cutlets, meatballs, cabbage rolls;
• dishes from fish products (quenelles, cutlets and meatballs);
• vermicelli;
• cereals;
• cottage cheese puddings and casseroles;
• salads from vegetables and fruits;
• the vinaigrette.

Milk and sour cream sauces can be used for second courses. Salads can be seasoned with vegetable oil.

We offer a recipe for vegetable salad with cauliflower and tomatoes for cholelithiasis and cholecystitis.

Salad ingredients: 100 g boiled cauliflower, 50 g tomatoes and cucumbers, 100 g boiled potatoes, 1 egg, 100 g sour cream, 100 g apples.

Boil the egg, cauliflower and potatoes and cut into cubes. Apples, tomatoes and cucumbers are also diced. Season everything with sour cream and salt to taste.

Also, with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis, a dish such as beetroot is suitable.

The recipe is this:

1. Boil two beets. Grate one and squeeze out the juice, and cut the second into cubes.
2. Chop the dill and parsley, cut the lemon into slices.
3. Put beets in a bowl and pour kefir along with beet juice.
4. Add greens, lemon and sugar to taste.

What to do if the therapy of gallstone disease did not do without surgery and the organ had to be removed?

We offer you recipes that will diversify your dietary menu and allow you to eat not only properly, but also tasty.

Meat soufflé

Cook buckwheat porridge (60 g) in milk (150 ml). After we cool the porridge, add the egg (1/3), cottage cheese (30 g). We mix the mass, we form meatballs from it. Breadcrumbs (10 g), fry. Very tasty with sour cream.

First meal

The need for a diet and the consequences of its non-compliance

Neglect of the rules of special nutrition contributes to the appearance of colic and exacerbation of the disease, which can lead to surgery. It is also likely to develop complications such as:

• Mechanical jaundice;
• Colitis;
• Perforation of the gallbladder;
• Necrosis of the gallbladder, peritonitis, abscesses;
• Duodenal ulcer.

Special nutrition for cholelithiasis normalizes the level of cholesterol concentration in the blood, prevents the appearance of new stones and improves bowel function. In addition, the sparing nature of the diet allows the gallbladder and pancreas to function optimally, helps to lose extra pounds, promotes the growth of beneficial microflora and “thinns” bile.

If you do not adhere to the correct diet for cholelithiasis, then the growth of calculi will continue, which is fraught with a subsequent operation. In addition, other pathologies may develop: pancreatitis, ulcers, colitis.

Diet treatment for gallstones plays a significant role. In the initial stages, this can contribute to the splitting of calculi, subsequently stopping the growth of stones.

For patients, proper nutrition should become a way of life along with physical activity, the exclusion of stressful situations. Foods that are rich in cholesterol should be avoided and foods with magnesium and calcium should be included in the menu.

If the patient adheres to a special diet during the period of drug therapy, he will be able to speed up the healing process and prevent the formation of new stones. Many organs of the gastrointestinal tract will function in a light mode, thanks to which it will be possible to prevent the development of many pathologies.

If the patient neglects the recommendations of the gastroenterologist regarding the need to follow a therapeutic diet, he will have to periodically deal with intestinal colic. Failure to comply with special nutrition can provoke the development of such pathologies:

• colitis;
• pancreatitis;
• ulcerative pathology of the duodenum, etc.

GSD belongs to the category of dangerous diseases. In an acute inflammatory process, there is a risk of damage to the biliary tract or their blockage with stones. This condition is more serious, causing obstructive jaundice.

When the bile or ducts rupture, a purulent abscess begins and the contents spill into the abdominal cavity. And if stones can be removed from the gallbladder by sparing intervention, then in this state an abdominal operation will be required. It makes an incision in the abdomen.

Causes of the disease and risk factors

The general risk factors that can lead to the formation of gallstone disease have been described above. But there are also dietary, that is, directly related to nutrition. The formation of stones can lead to:

• binge eating;

  
  

• lack of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet. Many believe that in order to lose weight and get rid of health problems, it is necessary to exclude “fatty” foods (pork, butter and vegetable oils, nuts, avocados, lard, etc.) from the diet. But this is a serious misconception. Without an adequate content of fatty foods in the diet, it is impossible to imagine a stable level of cholesterol and blood sugar, vascular health, normal weight;
• a large amount of gluten, starch in the diet (pasta, sweet pastries, bread, cereals);

  
  

• lack of vitamin A;
• a small amount of vegetables in the diet. Vegetables are the best source of fiber. In addition, they fill the stomach well and eliminate the feeling of hunger. It is recommended to make your plate so that half of its contents are vegetables;

  
  

• a large number of refined and deodorized foods in the diet. It is worth giving preference to whole foods (extra virgin oils, farm meat, full-fat dairy products).

  
  

Mistakes in nutrition can lead not only to obesity, but also to serious diseases. This once again confirms gallstone disease.

Some dietary questions

GSD is one of those pathologies in which it is important to adhere to special dietary rules. According to the recommendations of experts, you need to eat in small portions 5-6 times a day. Frequent meals have a positive effect on the functioning of the gallbladder, contribute to the uniform and timely separation of bile.

• Proteins - 90 grams, of which half are of animal origin;
• Carbohydrates - 325 grams (no more than 70 grams of sugar);
• Fats - 75 grams, of which up to 30 grams of vegetable origin;
• Table salt - up to 10 grams.

The energy value of therapeutic nutrition is on average 2,250 kcal per day. However, once a week it is recommended to spend fasting days on kefir, apples, cottage cheese and cucumbers to give the gallbladder a rest.

With exacerbation of cholelithiasis on the first day, it is recommended to refuse food so that there is no load on the gallbladder. Experts recommend using only liquid: rosehip broth and sweetened tea. It is easy to starve during an exacerbation of gallstone disease, since the body independently regulates recovery processes.

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On the second day, it is recommended to add rice soup and mashed potatoes to the menu. In the next few days, you can eat everything that is allowed for cholelithiasis, but with some restrictions: meat is completely excluded from the diet and the amount of salt intake is reduced to 8 grams. When the condition improves, you can again consume lean meat.

First option:

• For the 1st breakfast - pumpkin casserole, compote;
• For the 2nd breakfast - oatmeal;
• Lunch - lean borscht, rosehip broth;
• Snack - crackers, juice;
• Dinner - salad with grated carrots and other vegetables, a piece of boiled meat, kefir.

Second option:

• For the 1st breakfast - semolina porridge, egg white omelette, jelly;
• For the 2nd breakfast - a baked apple;
• For lunch - half a portion of a vegan vegetable and rice soup, buckwheat porridge, boiled chicken breast (no more than 120 g), fruit jelly;
• For dinner - mashed potatoes, boiled fish, green tea;
• 3 hours before bedtime, you can eat some cottage cheese.

Third option:

• For the 1st breakfast - protein omelet, juice;
• For the 2nd breakfast - low-fat cottage cheese, tea;
• Lunch - carrot-potato puree, soup from any cereal;
• Snack - grated apple;
• Dinner - boiled fish, vegetable stew, tea.

Careful adherence to the diet during exacerbation of gallstone disease can significantly reduce the risk of surgery, and also allows you to stop the process of formation of calculi.

What else can you eat?

Even if a woman strictly complies with all doctors' prescriptions regarding nutrition and lifestyle, the likelihood of exacerbations can be quite high. Contribute to the recurrence of gallstone disease can drink alcohol, smoking, increased physical activity, stress.

As an emergency medical aid, a three-day fast is used to unload the digestive tract and relieve pain. During this period, a woman can drink spring and mineral water without gas, herbal tea, unsweetened compote.

After that, the patient is assigned treatment table No. 5 with certain adjustments, for example:

• during the month, strong meat and chicken broths are contraindicated;
• bread can be consumed starting from the eighth day after the arrest of the attack;
• the amount of salt is reduced to 7-8 g per day;
• meat, fruits and vegetables can be eaten boiled or baked.

Diet is an important and integral part of the complex therapy of gallstone disease in women and men. By itself, it cannot cure the disease, but by following the recommendations for organizing a diet, a woman can significantly reduce the risk of exacerbations and alleviate general well-being by normalizing digestive processes and relieving stomach pain.

To organize the necessary nutrition for gallstones, it is important to monitor cholesterol metabolism, so the main rules of the diet are:

After stopping the acute phase, in order to normalize the process of defecation, the patient is transferred to a diet with a high content of magnesium.

The value of such food is 2900 Kcal. The daily amount of protein components should be no more than 100 g, carbohydrates - up to 460 g, fats - 75 g. Magnesium should be approximately 1300 mg, while in the usual diet No. 5 it is not more than 350 mg.

Magnesium diet is indicated for people suffering from atherosclerosis, cholecystitis, constipation, obesity. The composition of the food corresponds to the products used at table No. 5, but with the addition of magnesium. Therefore, it is useful to eat wheat bran and bread from them, buckwheat, wheat, vegetables and fruits, the latter - and in dried form.

dry biscuit

In cholelithiasis, diet therapy is indicated to save the patient from surgery. The diet is agreed with the attending physician, specifying the list of permitted and prohibited at different stages of the disease.

You need to eat often, at least 5 times a day. This behavior contributes to better digestibility of products, prevents difficulties in intestinal motility, for example, constipation. It is not recommended to eat right before bed.

So that the gastric mucosa is not irritated, excessive bile formation is not stimulated, the food is shown warm. The optimum temperature is 25 - 60 degrees.

During the period of exacerbation, it is better to cook or bake foods, avoiding the formation of a crust. Fried foods are strictly prohibited, oxidized fats and carcinogenic substances formed during this cooking method will provoke a new attack of the disease.

A diet for gallstones is prescribed to restore the disturbed cholesterol balance. Products used for the preparation of dietary meals must include less fat, carbohydrates, cholesterol.

An approximate menu is compiled taking into account the knowledge that the energy value of food should not exceed 2400 - 2500 kcal per day.

Nutrition for gallstone disease is based on the use of foods high in fiber, which prevents constipation. contributes to normal intestinal peristalsis, reduces intoxication of the body. Cooking is required from products saturated with pectin: the substance prevents the deposition of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels, dilutes bile, and maintains normal microflora in the intestines.

dry biscuit

• Lean meats - veal, beef, rabbit meat, chicken and turkey.
• Low-fat fish, preferably river.
• Seafood - shrimp, squid, mussels, kelp.
• Sausage, boiled sausages, preferably from poultry meat.
• Durum wheat pasta cooked without sauces.
• Cereals - buckwheat, oats, rice, boiled in water, better in the form of porridge - slurry. Semolina porridge on water or half milk.
• Bread of any kind, including white in a slightly stale form or dried to a state of crackers.
• Dry biscuits, bread with bran.
• Decoctions are exclusively vegetable. Perhaps infrequent use of milk, fruit soups.
• Dairy products with low fat content.
• Vegetables saturated with pectin or starch - cauliflower, pumpkin, zucchini, potatoes, carrots, beets, tomatoes.
• Butter, unrefined vegetable oil in very limited quantities.
• Egg white.
• Sweets - marshmallow, marmalade, fruit jellies and mousses.
• Fruits - bananas, pomegranates, apples (preferably baked).

1. What is allowed to eat if cholelithiasis is complicated by chronic pancreatitis? Recipes for cholelithiasis and pancreatitis are similar, since both diseases are associated with disruption of the digestive system.
2. Are spices allowed? Turmeric, a spice that has a number of beneficial medicinal properties, will help improve the taste of dietary dishes. Adding turmeric powder to dishes with cholelithiasis helps to remove toxins from the liver, increases the functionality of the organ. The use of turmeric is shown in other diseases of the digestive system, in particular, with stones in the pancreas.
3. What mineral water is suitable for the diagnosis of cholelithiasis? A diet for gallstones involves drinking plenty of fluids - at least two liters a day. Nutritionists recommend using medicinal mineral water, for example, Borjomi, Svalyava, Polyana Kvasova, Luzhanska.
4. The patient is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Is a magnesium diet indicated for the patient? It is permissible to follow a diet; instead of sugar, use honey as a sweetener, which is allowed in case of illness.
5. Nutrition for gallstone disease involves the use of ginger? Ginger is a forbidden product, it shows the ability to activate the movement of stones.
6. Strong alcohol is not allowed, but beer is allowed? Strong and low alcohol drinks exacerbate the disease, cause colic in the gallbladder and increase the amount of bile.
7. What is allowed to eat with an exacerbation of gallstone disease? The diet for exacerbation of gallstone disease is based on the use of the listed products, but in the early days it is better to refrain from eating, limiting yourself to liquids.

Diet price

Education: Graduated from the Sverdlovsk Medical School (1968-1971) with a degree in Paramedic. Graduated from the Donetsk Medical Institute (1975-1981) with a degree in epidemiologist, hygienist. Postgraduate studies at the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology

Moscow (1986 - 1989). Academic degree - candidate of medical sciences (degree awarded in 1989, defense - Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow). Completed numerous advanced training courses in epidemiology and infectious diseases.

Work experience: Work as the head of the department of disinfection and sterilization 1981 ‑ 1992. Work as head of the department of especially dangerous infections 1992-2010 Teaching activity at the Medical Institute 2010-2013

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Stressful situations, malnutrition, heredity can lead to disruption of the gallbladder, inflammation of the organ. As a result, the outflow of bile is complicated, its rheological characteristics change. These pathological processes provoke the precipitation of salts, so there are or bile ducts. In the initial stages, complex conservative therapy will help to cope with the disease. Along with taking medications, its important direction is the diet for gallstones.

Diet therapy is aimed at reducing the load on the digestive organs, eliminating inflammatory processes, and restoring the functionality of the gallbladder. This allows you to slow down the development of gallstone disease, prevents the risk of complications, new stones. Dietary nutrition leads to the normalization of cholesterol levels in the bloodstream, improves the outflow of bile.

Important! The use of healthy and balanced food helps to strengthen the immune system, restore intestinal microflora, and improve mood.

Violation of the diet in calculous cholecystitis and another form of cholelithiasis causes the development of hepatic colic. Prolonged blockage of the bile ducts provokes the appearance of swelling of the gallbladder, increases the risk of developing organ cancer, cirrhosis of the liver, pancreatitis, and intestinal obstruction.

The essence of diet therapy

Nutrition for stones in the gallbladder is prescribed according to table No. 5 according to Pevzner, the daily caloric content of the diet of which is 2100–2500 kcal. At the same time, salt intake should be limited to 8 g per day. The daily amount of proteins should not exceed 90 g (50% of them must be of animal origin), carbohydrates - 350 g (simple sugars should not exceed 70 g per day), fat - 70 g (40% of them - vegetable oils: olive, sesame, rapeseed, corn, sunflower).

The diet for cholelithiasis involves fractional nutrition - the daily diet will need to be divided into 5-6 meals: 3 of them are basic, 2-3 are snacks. Meals are recommended every 3.5 hours. This allows you to normalize the performance of the gallbladder, contributes to the uniform discharge of the digestive secret. During each meal, it is recommended to drink 200 ml of a warm drink.

During cooking, bake, boil, stew, cook in a double boiler. It is worth completely abandoning the use of fried foods containing oxidized fats, which negatively affect the functionality of the digestive organs. The temperature of the food consumed should be in the range of 35–45 0 C. To reduce the load on the digestive organs, it is recommended to chew food thoroughly.

Important! When stones are found in the gallbladder, the diet involves eating mashed or crushed foods. This normalizes bile production, prevents the occurrence of intense pain.

To prevent thickening of bile, you need to normalize the drinking regimen. Experts advise drinking 2-3 liters of fluid throughout the day if the patient has no pathologies of the kidneys and heart. Periodically, mineral alkaline water (Borjomi, Luzhanskaya) should be included in the diet. The diet completely excludes the intake of alcoholic beverages, which only provoke the development of hepatic colic.

A diet for chronic calculous cholecystitis involves a meal in a relaxed atmosphere, dishes and a table should be beautifully served.

What can you eat on a gallstone diet?

The diet for cholelithiasis in women and men involves the use of the following products:

• Stewed, boiled, fresh or baked vegetables;
• Kashi (buckwheat, oatmeal, rice, semolina) cooked in water, half milk;
• Boiled vermicelli from durum wheat;
• Fat-free cottage cheese, dietary meat, fish are the main sources of protein;
• Vegetarian puree soups, milk soup with vermicelli;
• Dairy products that have a low percentage of fat content;
• Fruits and berries. Products can be consumed fresh or baked;
• Greens with the exception of rhubarb, sorrel;
• Walnuts;
• Yesterday's bread with bran;
• Vegetable oils, the use of which provokes a contraction of the gallbladder, helps prevent fatty degeneration of hepatocytes;
• Diluted fruit and vegetable juices;
• Weak tea;
• Steam omelets or boiled eggs. It is recommended to eat no more than 1 yolk per day.

Gastroenterologists recommend fasting days 1-2 times a week. They involve the use of 1.5 kg of watermelon, apples, 1.5 liters of kefir during the day, you can combine rice and compote. Cholagogue products (raw vegetables, buckwheat, oatmeal, bran) enriched with magnesium will help improve the well-being of a patient with cholelithiasis. The trace element provokes relaxation of the smooth muscles of the digestive organs, normalizes the outflow of bile.

Important! Apricots, when consumed regularly, lead to a decrease in cholesterol levels in the bloodstream.

What foods are prohibited?

There is such a list of prohibited foods for gallstone disease:

• Offal, which include the kidneys, heart and lungs of animals;
• Muffins, pastries and fresh wheat bread;
• Fatty fish and meat;
• Canned products;
• Rich mushroom, meat and fish broths;
• Fatty dairy products, milk, sour cream;
• sour fruits;
• Pearl barley;
• Chickpeas, beans, soybeans, peas;
• Ice cream;
• Cocoa based products;
• Halva, confectionery;
• Fast food;
• Green onions, sorrel, garlic, radish;
• spices;
• Carbonated drinks;
• Strong coffee and tea.

A diet for cholelithiasis or chronic calculous cholecystitis is a lifestyle that the patient must follow throughout his life.

indicative menu

Table No. 5 according to Pevzner suggests the following approximate menu for cholelithiasis:

• Breakfast. Cottage cheese pudding, semolina porridge in half milk with butter, tea with milk;
• Lunch. Fruit salad of banana, apricot, pear with 15% sour cream or yogurt;
• Dinner. Vegetarian puree soup, stewed vegetable stew with boiled meat, a slice of bran bread, rosehip broth;
• afternoon tea. Fruit juice with biscuits;
• Dinner. Mashed potatoes with baked fish, cabbage, cucumber and carrot salad with olive oil, tea;
• Before going to bed, it is recommended to drink 200 ml of fat-free kefir or natural yogurt without fruit additives.

Important! The last meal should take place 2 hours before bedtime.

Features of nutrition during a relapse

The diet for exacerbation of gallstone disease has its own characteristics. During the first day after the onset of pain, food intake should be completely excluded, it is only allowed to drink tea, infusions from medicinal raw materials, rosehip broth or water. Fasting during an exacerbation unloads the gallbladder, which is clogged with calculi, to eliminate unpleasant symptoms.

On the second day, the following list of products is allowed:

• Potato or squash puree;
• Dairy-free mucous porridges (rice, oatmeal);
• Boiled meat of chicken, turkey, rabbit.

The duration of the diet is determined by the patient's well-being. You can switch to diet food, according to table No. 5, after stopping the pain syndrome.

Diet therapy during the rehabilitation period

If the patient was prescribed surgical removal of calculi or the gallbladder, then nutrition for cholelithiasis requires compliance with the following rules:

• For 24 hours, you should completely exclude the intake of any food. For the first 4-5 hours after the completion of surgical procedures, the patient's lips can be moistened with water, for the next 6 hours it is allowed to drink water in small sips;
• For 2-3 days, you can diversify the diet with tea without sugar, jelly, rosehip broth and mashed compotes. The daily amount of liquid should be within 1.5 liters;
• In case of normal health, on the 3rd-4th day after the operation, soup-puree from vegetables, boiled and pureed vegetables (potatoes, zucchini, carrots), boiled fish, steam omelet are introduced into the diet;
• On the 5th-6th day, meat soufflé or meatballs cooked in a double boiler, liquid cereals on the water are added;
• On the 7-8th day, you can introduce skimmed dairy products, steam cutlets, meatballs.

© Centerpolygraph, 2017

Foreword

The gallbladder is a receptacle for bile entering it, releasing it into the intestinal lumen. Also in this organ, resorption (reabsorption) of protein, important salts, amino acids into the blood occurs, mucus and a special hormone, anticholecystokinin, are released. The gallbladder can hold approximately 50 ml of fluid.

Bile is formed in the liver cells, then through special bile ducts, which form a complex network, it enters the gallbladder, where it is stored until a person eats. After food enters the duodenum, the gallbladder contracts and bile, along with pancreatic juice, moves into the intestines.

A healthy person can produce from 500 to 1000 ml of bile per day. Its composition is quite diverse: water, bile acids, inorganic substances, vitamins A, B, C, D, amino acids, phospholipids, cholesterol, bilirubin, proteins, mucus and drug residues.

Major pathologies of the gallbladder.

Cholelithiasis associated with a violation of bilirubin metabolism and cholesterol, which leads to the formation of stones inside the liver, in the common bile duct and in the gallbladder. Gallstone disease can be asymptomatic for a long time, and clinically manifest itself as an attack of "hepatic colic", when the stone enters the narrow bile duct.

Chronic acalculous cholecystitis. This is a long-term inflammatory process that affects the inner lining of the bladder and is not accompanied by the formation of stones.

Biliary dyskinesia. This is a functional disease of the biliary tract associated with a change in the tone of the gallbladder or ducts, accompanied by periodic pain in the right hypochondrium and dyspeptic disorders. This pathology usually occurs with constant stress, psycho-emotional stress, neuroses. Depending on the change in the tone of the bladder, hyperkinetic (or painful) and hypokinetic (dyspeptic) types of the disease are distinguished.

Acute cholangitis. This is an acute inflammatory process that affects the bile ducts. It usually occurs as a complication of chronic cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, or after removal of the gallbladder. The development of infection is facilitated by stagnation of bile, compression of the ducts by tumors, stones. Allocate obstructive, recurrent, bacterial, secondary sclerosing cholangitis.

Removal of the gallbladder. Like other types of surgery, this is a necessary measure that doctors resort to when a patient's life is threatened.

All pathologies of the gallbladder require very strict adherence to the diet on the part of the patient.

Diet for gallstones

General nutrition rules

A properly selected diet for cholelithiasis, along with drug therapy and the use of folk remedies, is the main component of treatment.

It will help not only to quickly remove all unpleasant symptoms, improving the patient's condition, but also stop the inflammatory process in the biliary tract. In addition, long-term adherence to the regimen will slow down the formation of new stones in the biliary tract.

The main task of the diet in acute cholelithiasis is to organize temporary rest for the diseased organ during the period of exacerbation and to enhance the function of secretion during improvement and remission.

The essence of the diet is to reduce the energy value of the diet due to fats and easily digestible carbohydrates (sugar, sweets, jam). Weight loss has a beneficial effect on the course of gallstone disease. Fasting days should be carried out once a week (apple, watermelon, salad, cottage cheese, juice diets, dried fruit diets). Limit the introduction of cholesterol with food by excluding foods rich in it (egg yolk, brains, liver, fatty meats and fish, lamb and beef fat, lard, butter).

Pectins, natural dietary fiber, magnesium salts contribute to the reduction of cholesterol in the blood. Wheat bran, hercules, buckwheat, vegetables, and fruits are rich in magnesium salts and dietary fiber. An increase in the diet of dietary fiber stimulates bile secretion, enhances the motor function of the gallbladder and colon, prevents constipation, and also promotes the absorption and excretion of toxic substances formed during digestion from the body. Regular consumption of dietary fiber is a means of preventing obesity and diabetes.

Limit flour and cereal dishes, as they contribute to a shift in the reaction of bile to the acid side and the loss of cholesterol from bile. Alkalization of bile is promoted by alkaline mineral waters "Borjomi", "Polyana kvasovaya" and plant foods (vegetables, fruits, fruits).

A positive effect is the use of olive oil with salads, as well as products containing an increased amount of B vitamins, vitamins C, A (retinol) choline; methionine. Try to provide the body with 60 mg of vitamin C daily.

Drink enough fluids to reduce the concentration of bile.

If you do not follow the diet, then this first of all leads to undesirable consequences, stones develop in the gallbladder. In gallstone disease, a strict diet is recommended, which not only facilitates the work of the gallbladder, but also helps to properly and normally separate bile.

Alcohol and smoking are strictly contraindicated. An important role is played by the number of meals. Each meal is another release of bile into the duodenum. The more often such a release occurs, the less likely it is to get complications. Since rare meals contribute to stagnation of bile, in order to prevent this stagnation of bile, it is necessary to eat food as often as possible. Small portions of food are always easier to digest. It is also best to eat food warm. The interval between meals should be no more than 2-3 hours. If possible, it is advisable to eat at the same time. Be sure to carefully monitor the calorie content of the foods you eat.

It is necessary to strictly monitor the amount of fats and proteins. Try to replace animal proteins with vegetable proteins. It's really hard, but note that vegetarian people are much less likely to suffer from gallstones.

The diet of foods should be rich in vitamin C. It has been scientifically proven that vitamin C deficiency contributes to the rapid formation of gallstones.

You can not carry out any fasting, they are contraindicated with this disease.

Diet features:

- nutrition should be complete in terms of content and balance of nutrients, as well as calorie content (estimated daily calorie content of the diet is 2300-2800 calories);

- the diet should have a physiologically complete protein content - 100 g, a slight restriction of fats - 80–85 g (30% vegetable) and with excess body weight - a decrease in carbohydrate content to 250 g; table salt - 8–10 g, free liquid - 1.2–2.0 l. The mass of the daily ration - no more than 3 kg;

- there should be 5 meals a day, of which 3 main and 2 small snacks;

- all food should be slightly warmer than room temperature, eating cold or hot food is prohibited (food temperature is not lower than 15 ° C and not higher than 62 ° C);

- meals should mainly consist of grated foods (this is done in order to reduce the load on the digestive tract);

- limit the consumption of foods containing saturated fats, cholesterol and oxalic acid;

- 1 teaspoon of salt per day is allowed;

– Drink at least 2 liters of water daily.

- vegetables: various vegetables in raw, boiled and baked form; salads from raw vegetables and fruits; side dishes; non-sour sauerkraut; onions after boiling; green pea puree;

– appetizers: fresh vegetable salad with vegetable oil; fruit salads; vinaigrettes, squash caviar; jellied fish after boiling, soaked low-fat herring, stuffed fish, seafood salads (squid, seaweed, scallop, mussels), boiled fish and meat; doctoral, dairy, dietary sausages, low-fat ham;

- spices: parsley and dill, red ground pepper, bay leaf, cinnamon, cloves, vanilla; white sauce with the addition of a small amount of sour cream without frying the flour; dairy, vegetable, sweet fruit sauces;

- fruits: various fruits and berries (except sour ones) - raw and in dishes, lemon, black currant (with good tolerance); jams, jams from ripe sweet berries and fruits; dried fruits, compotes, kissels, jelly, mousses;

- sweet dishes and sweets: marmalade, non-chocolate sweets, marshmallow, jam, sweet and ripe fruit jam, honey. Sugar is partially replaced with xylitol (sorbitol). However, you should drastically limit sweet foods. At normal body weight, no more than 50–60 g of sugar per day is recommended, including sugar contained in confectionery. For the elderly, this rate is 30–50 g. With a tendency to be overweight, sugar is completely excluded;

– drinks: tea, coffee with milk; fruit, berry and vegetable juices. It is very useful to constantly use vitamin decoctions and infusions of wild rose and bran. Wheat bran is very rich in B vitamins, magnesium, potassium, fiber, which are necessary for this disease;

- a decoction of bran. Grind bran on a coffee grinder, pour boiling water, boil for 10 minutes and insist for several hours (up to a day). Strain the broth, add sugar or xylitol, sorbitol, lemon juice. You can add honey instead of sugar.

During the diet are allowed:

- a few pieces of dried white bread or special diet cookies;

- low-fat pieces of fish and meat in the form of grated cutlet mass, steamed or boiled;

- low-fat steam fish, as well as fish in the form of mashed potatoes or soufflés made from a boiled product;

- aspic from fish based on weak vegetable broth;

- protein steam omelette (up to 3 proteins per day are allowed, but only 1 yolk);

- with good tolerance, any low-fat dairy and sour-milk products;

- 1 tbsp. a spoonful of butter per day;

- grated milk porridges, cooked in half with water;

– various seafood;

- soufflé from cereals;

- vermicelli;

- vegetables, steamed or stewed in their own juice;

- sweet and ripe fruits that have undergone heat treatment (boiled, baked or steamed);

- kissel, marshmallow, natural fruit jelly and mousse;

- up to 2 teaspoons of honey per day;

- weakly brewed tea with milk, chicory, rosehip broth, fruit and vegetable juices mixed with water.

Prohibited Products:

- fresh bread, as well as rye and rich buns;

- fatty meats and poultry, offal, lard, as well as fried, smoked and canned foods;

- fatty or salted fish, caviar, canned fish; soups on meat or fish broths with large pieces of boiled vegetables;

- eggs (only a steam omelette is allowed);

- fatty dairy products;

- crumbly cereals and pearl barley;

- pasta;

- all legumes;

- from vegetables: radish, spinach, radish, cabbage, sorrel, mushrooms, onions, garlic;

- hard and sour fruits;

- halva, ice cream and chocolate;

- any spices;

- all alcoholic drinks, natural and instant coffee, cocoa, carbonated drinks, strong tea.

Cooking methods: boiling, baking, occasionally - stewing, poaching - for cooking dishes from products of low-fat consistency, with a high moisture content (vegetables, fish); boiling followed by roasting in the oven. Flour and vegetables are not sautéed.

For the normal functioning of the digestive system, natural dietary fiber is essential. There are a lot of fibers in wheat bran, less in hercules, nuts, vegetables, fruits. The systematic use of these products is a good means of preventing and treating constipation, gallbladder disease, obesity, and diabetes.

Menu examples

Day 1

Breakfast: steam omelet with low-fat milk; a small portion of milk soup.

Dinner: fish soufflé; any porridge cooked in milk with water.

Dinner: low-fat pieces of veal stewed with tomatoes; boiled vegetables.

Day 2

Breakfast: steamed curd soufflé; a portion of any pureed porridge.

Dinner: pureed vegetarian soup; steam cutlet of white chicken meat with stewed vegetables.

Dinner: boiled fish puree with carrots and potatoes.

Day 3

Breakfast: milk soup with vermicelli; homemade compote with pieces of fruit without sugar.

Dinner: vegetable soup puree with milk; buckwheat porridge with steamed chicken pieces.

Dinner: fish steam meatballs with carrot puree; stewed potatoes with low-fat cheese.

Dishes with stones in the gallbladder

Snacks

Jellied fish

Compound: beluga - 280 g, sturgeon - 250 g, stellate sturgeon - 265 g, fresh chum salmon - 220 g, salmon - 215 g, trout - 215 g, whitefish - 235 g, pike perch - 255 g, carp - 250 g, catfish - 270 g, carp - 250 g, pike - 250 g, lemon, greens, carrots, ready-made jelly - 150 g, horseradish sauce - 50 g; for jelly: fish waste - 2 kg, gelatin - 40 g, carrot - 25 g, onion - 25 g, parsley - 15 g, celery - 15 g, 9% vinegar - 15 g, egg (protein), bay leaf, fragrant pepper, cloves, cinnamon, salt.

Boil clean fish fillet without bones and cut into portions. Put the prepared fish on a baking sheet, decorate it with herbs, lemon, boiled carrots on top, fix with a piece of chilled jelly and let cool. When the fish is frozen and the decorations are fixed, fill the fish with the remaining jelly. Cut out completely frozen fish with jelly and serve on a platter with or without a vegetable side dish. Fish can be poured into the form or in the dish itself. Serve the horseradish sauce separately.

Making fish jelly. After processing the fish, thoroughly rinse the skin, bones and scales, cover with cold water, bring to a boil, add carrots, onions, parsley roots, other seasonings and cook for 1.5–2 hours. Strain the finished broth. Next, introduce gelatin (pre-soaked in water), stir until completely dissolved, adding salt, pepper and bay leaf.

To clarify the broth, prepare a quick release: mix egg whites with cold broth in a ratio of 1:5, pour into hot, but not boiling broth and bring to a boil. Then remove the pot with the broth from the heat, let it stand for 20-25 minutes and strain the broth through a linen cloth.

Jewish stuffed fish

Compound: fish fillet - 700 g, onion (together with onion peel) - 1-2 pcs., bun (white) - 150 g, egg - 1-2 pcs., vegetable oil (2 tablespoons in minced meat, 2 tbsp. spoons in the broth) - 4 tbsp. spoons, carrots - 1 pc., beets (small) - 1 pc., sugar (0.5 tablespoons in minced meat, 0.5 tablespoons in broth) - 1 tbsp. spoon, bay leaf - 2-3 pieces, black pepper, salt.

Cut the fish into portioned pieces (pre-clean thoroughly, but do not gut). Remove the giblets when the fish is sliced. Each piece is obtained whole, i.e. do not make a cut along the abdomen. From each piece you need to cut the fillet, leaving only the skin. It can be simpler: take the finished silver carp fillet with the skin, select the bones, separate the fillet from the skin, which is cut into small “ribbons”. Grind the fillet twice through a meat grinder with one large onion, a bun soaked in water. Add black pepper (to taste), salt and sugar. This dish is quite spicy: you need to pepper well. In minced meat also put 2 tbsp. tablespoons of vegetable oil and pour in gradually, all the while kneading well, a quarter cup of water. Make meatballs out of minced meat. Put each meatball on a ribbon of skin and wrap in it. Put the bottom of the dish with a non-stick coating with onion, chopped rings, onion peel, circles of carrots and beets. Put meatballs on top. Pour cold water along the side of the pan (so as not to blur the minced meat) so that it is slightly higher than the fish. After an hour, water (1 glass) must be added. Put on medium heat, let it boil, and then reduce the fire and cook for 2–2.5 hours over low heat (should languish). Salt, pepper, put sugar. This dish needs to be brought to taste, as they say. 10 minutes before the end of cooking, put a bay leaf. Cool down. Put on a dish and pour strained broth. Put in refrigerator. The broth solidifies and it turns out fish in jelly.

Fish aspic

Compound: fish (or sea cocktail) - 450 g, water (fish broth) - 500 ml, gelatin - 10 g, lemon - 1 pc., dill and parsley.

Soak gelatin in cold water for the time indicated on the package, when it swells, squeeze it out. Prepare, after boiling the fish, fish broth (put the sea cocktail into the finished fish broth, bring to a boil, but do not boil, put the seafood in a colander). Strain the hot broth, add gelatin, stir until it is completely dissolved and cool the broth. Finely chop the lemon, put the pieces of fish or sea cocktail in a glass or mold, decorate everything with herbs, carefully pour in the broth, put it in the cold until it hardens for several hours.

Jellied sturgeon

Compound: sturgeon - 1 kg, gelatin - 25–30 g, carrots - 1 pc., cucumber - 1 pc., capers, pieces of crabs or crayfish, onion head - 1 pc., parsley.

Boil sturgeon with the addition of carrots and onions and cool. From the broth obtained by boiling the fish, prepare 3-4 cups of transparent jelly by adding gelatin to it. Cool the finished jelly. Cut the boiled fish into thin slices, put on a dish so that there is free space for jelly around each piece. Decorate fish pieces with parsley leaves, slices of carrots, slices of fresh cucumber, pieces of crabs or crayfish, capers. After that, in 2-3 doses, fill the pieces of fish with an even layer of jelly. When the aspic has cooled, cut each piece of fish with a knife and lay it beautifully on a platter. Serve horseradish with vinegar or mayonnaise separately.

Jellied salmon

Compound: salmon steak - 250 g, salmon trimming - 100 g, small onion - 1 pc., small carrot - 1 pc., celery root - 30 g, bay leaf - 2 pcs., allspice - 3 pcs., water - 550 ml , gelatin - 1 tbsp. spoon, salt, white pepper - 3 g, dill, parsley for decoration.

Cut the salmon steak along the ridge, remove the spinal and costal bones, remove the skin with a sharp knife. Spinal bone, skin and salmon trimmings pour 0.5 liters of water, bring to a boil. Add onion, carrot and celery root. Cook over low heat for 15-20 minutes. Then salt the broth, add bay leaf, salmon fillet, bring to a boil and cook over low heat for 10-12 minutes. Carefully remove the salmon fillet from the broth and cool. Pour gelatin into 50 ml of chilled boiled water, let it swell. Remove the onion, celery, bay leaf, bones, skin and trimmings from the broth. Leave boiled carrots for decoration. Strain the broth through 4 layers of cheesecloth. Add 100 ml of hot broth to the swollen gelatin and stir until it dissolves, combine with the rest of the broth. Cool down. Pour 1-2 tbsp into ceramic or glass molds. spoons of broth, put in the freezer for a few minutes to solidify. Then put carrot stars, dill sprigs into molds. Again, pour a small amount of broth and cool until gelling in the freezer. Then lay out the pieces of salmon and pour the remaining broth. Put in the refrigerator until completely solidified. Before serving, lower the molds for a few seconds in hot water and turn the aspic onto a dish. Garnish with herbs and lemon slices.

Jellied white fish with carrots

Compound: white fish - 1.5 kg, parsley and dill - 2 sprigs each, carrots - 500 g; for making jelly: beetroot - 1 pc., onion - 1 pc., leek - 1 pc., bay leaf - 1 pc., peppercorns - 4 pcs., parsley root - 1 pc., squirrels - 2 pcs. , ice - 5-6 cubes, gelatin - 45 g, salt.

Clean the fish, separate the head, tail and fish fins. Thoroughly wash the carcasses inside and out. Make two cuts along the ridge of the fish and separate the fillet from it, removing all the bones. Cut the fillet into lengthwise strips, about 1.5 cm wide, and place skin side down on a cutting board, cover and refrigerate. Carrots should be peeled, cut into longitudinal sticks. Boil in boiling salted water for about 10 minutes. Peel the onion, leek and parsley root and chop coarsely. Put the cut off fish heads, tails, spines and fins in a saucepan, add 2 liters of water, bring everything to a boil and remove the foam. Add pre-prepared vegetables, salt and pepper to taste. Cook for about half an hour over low heat, without covering with a lid. 10 minutes before the end of cooking, add the bay leaf. Strain the broth into a clean saucepan through a fine sieve or cheesecloth and return to the fire. Put the fish fillet in the broth and cook it for about 5 minutes, periodically removing the foam. After that, put the fish on a dish and let it cool. Peel the beetroot, rub it on a fine grater, pour it into the broth and bring everything back to a boil. Cook for 10 more minutes. Strain the broth. Beat the whites with ice, pour them into the broth, mix everything and bring to a boil again. After that, remove the saucepan from the heat and set it aside for 10 minutes, then remove the foam and strain the broth through cheesecloth or a fine sieve. Add gelatin to warm broth and stir until completely dissolved. Line a tall dish with cling film. Alternating, lay out the fish and carrots. Then carefully pour in the broth with gelatin, let it cool and rearrange everything in the refrigerator overnight.

When a person is diagnosed with acute or chronic cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, one of the most important conditions for prolonging remission after treatment or within six months after surgery, diet is required.

Chronic cholecystitis is almost never an isolated disease, and the inflammatory process in the gallbladder is often accompanied by pathological disorders in the stomach, liver, intestines, pancreas, cardiovascular and nervous diseases.

For chronic and acute cholecystitis, hepatitis, and gallstones, a special diet has been developed, called table number 5. What kind of diet is this, what can you eat with cholecystitis, and how to follow a diet with gallstones - we will tell in this article.

The calorie content of the daily diet, the energy value of the products should be 2000-2500 kcal, which is determined by the physiological needs of the body. On average, the ratio of carbohydrates should be 300-350 g, fats 80-90 g, proteins - 80-90 g.

The most important thing that a patient on a diet for gallstones should know:

• The most powerful provocateur of exacerbations is the reception fried and very fatty foods
• Eating a large amount of food, that is, overeating
• Food should only be warm, not hot, not cold.
• There should be fractional meals, in small portions, but frequent - 6 times a day
• The use of refractory fats, strong stimulants of pancreatic and stomach secretion is categorically excluded - spices, extracts, foods high in cholesterol (see), products with essential oils.
• The main diet should consist of vegetables and fruits.
• Since fried foods cannot be consumed, all dishes are steamed, boiled, less often baked.

What fruits can be used for cholecystitis and gallstones?

According to diet number 5, the most important thing is to exclude all sour berries and fruits, that is, you can’t eat gooseberries, all kinds of citrus fruits, cranberries, sour apples, sour plums, mangoes, cherry plums.

Many people are interested in the question: is it possible to have bananas, grapes with cholecystitis? Yes, among the permitted fruits there are: sweet apples, watermelons, bananas, melons, strawberries, avocados, papaya. As for grapes, this is a dubious fruit. Considering that in most cases, in addition to cholecystitis, the patient also has other diseases of the digestive system (for example, gastritis, pancreatitis), fruits such as grapes, and from vegetables - cabbage, black bread, kvass can cause fermentation and inflammation of the organs.

Therefore, you should always listen to your body, if you notice discomfort after taking a particular product, analyze the amount of food eaten, try to eat less next time or completely abandon the dubious fruit.

What vegetables can be with cholecystitis?

There are practically no restrictions among vegetables, that is, you can use any vegetables. Caution should be taken with raw white cabbage, if the patient does not suffer from pancreatitis, then raw cabbage can be eaten in small quantities, but if there are pancreatic dysfunctions, it can only be consumed boiled, baked, if you like sauerkraut, then it should be not too acidic. You can green peas, carrots, beets, pumpkins, potatoes, zucchini. Do not abuse tomatoes, they can be eaten without aggravation, but only without peel, in moderation, pickled and salted are excluded. As for legumes, according to diet No. 5, they are excluded, but during the remission period, their use is possible in a very limited amount.

What can you drink with stones in the gallbladder?

What you can eat with cholecystitis becomes clear that only steam, boiled, not salty, not spicy and not canned, not fried and not fatty. But what can you drink? You can drink fruit teas, compotes, jelly, freshly squeezed but diluted fruit and vegetable juices, carrot, tomato and beet juices are especially useful (beetroot juice should be drunk 3 hours after pressing), It is especially good to take mineral water without gas 30 minutes before meals , such as Smirnovskaya, Slavyanovsk. Weak tea is useful, especially green, not packaged (see).

Is it possible to drink coffee with cholecystitis? Coffee, especially instant coffee, should be abandoned, the same applies to advertised chicory, it has no less harmful effect on the gastric mucosa than coffee. If, in addition to cholecystitis, a person suffers from diseases of the stomach and pancreas from chicory, it is better to refuse cocoa and coffee altogether, if this is not possible, then you should limit its concentration, drink it with milk and not on an empty stomach.

It is strictly forbidden to drink icy, cold drinks, and the harm of alcoholic beverages to the body is known to everyone, while following a diet with gallstones and cholecystitis, you should completely abandon alcohol. Of course, for the celebration 50 gr. you can drink good dry wine if there is no exacerbation of the disease and pain, it all depends on the dose and quality of the alcoholic drink. Always listen to your feelings, everything is good in moderation.

What can and cannot be eaten with gallstones?

Bakery products

Today, many families acquire home bakeries, making delicious bread, pastry products at home. Patients with cholecystitis are not recommended to eat freshly baked homemade bread, it is better to wait and eat yesterday's dried bread, moreover, it should not be rich (adding a lot of fat). Also, you can not eat with stones in the gallbladder all pastry products made from puff, shortcrust pastry. All cakes, pastries, pancakes, pancakes are excluded. Moreover, given that cooking fats are used in industrial production, most often palm oil, which is practically a poison for the digestive system, it is dangerous even for healthy people to eat purchased rich products. But you can safely use the bread of yesterday's baking from wheat, peeled, rye flour, bran bread. As well as baked pies with cottage cheese, fish, meat, apples from a simple dough.

Soup on a steep broth

Steep broths from meat, fish, chicken, duck, mushrooms, etc. have a very negative effect on the digestive system. You should abandon any such broths, and cook only vegetable soups. As a last resort, if you absolutely cannot deny yourself the first course in meat broth, firstly, cook only lean meat, and secondly, dilute it strongly with water or vegetable broth before cooking cabbage soup, soups, beetroot, borscht.

Fatty meats - goose, duck, pork, lamb, fatty beef, chicken

Fatty meat products should be excluded from the diet. Meat products can only be prepared from lean beef, non-fat poultry, rabbit meat and consumed in limited quantities, in boiled form. You can use boiled meat or chicken (minced meat) to make meatballs for soup, steamed cutlets, casseroles, or eat in pieces, chewing thoroughly.

Sausages, sausages

Of course, the most affordable and convenient product today is semi-finished meat products, which are in abundance on the shelves of supermarkets. These are the most harmful, chemicalized foods, stuffed with flavor enhancers and preservatives, additives of dubious content that are dangerous for everyone, not just people with digestive problems. No milk sausages, "baby sausages", "diet sausages" should not be on the table for a person with gallstones, pancreatitis or chronic cholecystitis. These names are just a marketing ploy, there can be no "baby" sausages!!!

Is it possible with cholecystitis nuts, seeds, honey

If there is no allergy to bee products, then honey with cholecystitis is possible. As for nuts and seeds, they can and should be consumed, but only: when purchased in an unpeeled form (peel immediately before use), and in moderation.

You should know that peeled nuts should never be eaten on the shelves of our stores, during processing, transportation, packaging fats are oxidized, and the nuts become what is called rancid. When fats are oxidized from long-term and improper storage, peeled ready-made nuts cause an increased load on the gallbladder, pancreas and liver. This is especially true for pine nuts, which are imported to Russia from China. These nuts are dangerous to health, they also cause an exacerbation of cholecystitis (see).

fish, eggs

All fatty fish varieties are also excluded (catfish, sturgeon, beluga, stellate sturgeon, salmon), but pike perch, cod, carp, hake and pike can be in the diet of a person with cholecystitis. Moreover, it should be remembered that fried foods are categorically excluded, which means that the fish must either be baked, or steamed or boiled. It has been repeatedly proven by researchers that when fish is fried, all its beneficial properties are lost, so you can reassure yourself that you are not just following a diet for cholecystitis, but you are getting healthy foods that retain their wonderful properties. As for eggs, they can only be consumed soft-boiled or in a bag, in the form of an omelette or added to other dishes, and do not abuse the quantity, no more than 1 piece per day (preferably 1 yolk per day), and hard-boiled or fried eggs (scrambled eggs ) should be excluded.

Milk products

Milk soups with pasta and cereals are very useful. You can not use fatty milk, cottage cheese, cream, fermented baked milk, fatty cheeses and fatty sour cream. With cholecystitis, you can drink milk, especially with tea, you can also drink condensed milk, low-fat cottage cheese, a little low-fat sour cream, but not spicy cheeses - Dutch, Russian.

However, the modern "wild" food market is replete with low-quality goods. And even seemingly natural products contain various additives. Tons of palm oil are exported to Russia, the dangers of which most manufacturers are silent about and do not indicate it in the composition of products.

But palm oil is added to cheeses, cottage cheese, and other dairy products, ice cream, butter, all pastries, pastries, confectionery, chocolate, etc., and this type of oil is very harmful to all organs of the digestive system. .

But what to do? Purchase products of the highest quality from trusted manufacturers, do not buy cheap dairy and other products, as this indicates the use of cheap substitutes for natural products. The same applies to glazed curds, ice cream, cakes. They are produced not from natural milk and cream, but from milk powder, which goes through several stages of chemical processes, and it is difficult for the human body, liver, pancreas and gall bladder to cope with such a chemical attack.

Smoked meats, canned food, marinades

Any canned food, smoked sausages, smoked fish, canned fish, pickled vegetables (cucumbers, tomatoes, etc. products) are prohibited.

From herbal products

should be excluded - green onions, radishes, garlic, spinach, radish, sorrel. From seasonings - pepper, horseradish, mustard, spicy ketchup, mayonnaise,. Among the permitted spices, you can use dill, parsley, vanillin, cinnamon, cloves, bay leaf.

Kashi

Semi-viscous and crumbly cereals are very useful, especially oatmeal and buckwheat (see). If you wash the cereal in the evening, pour it with boiling water, add salt, warm it up in the morning and eat it, this is the best way to preserve useful substances and vitamins. You can also diversify your menu with various casseroles of cereals, pasta, you can make various puddings, vegetable and pasta side dishes.

Gallstone disease (calculous cholecystitis) occurs more often in women on the background of malnutrition, hormonal therapy or failure, after childbirth. Not all stones cause pain and anxiety to the patient. Many live for years unaware of the pathology, others suffer from frequent bouts of colic. Diet plays an important role in the course of the disease. How to eat right, avoid complications and not get on the surgical table, the article will tell.

Gallstone disease (GSD) is characterized by the presence of stones of various diameters and properties in the gallbladder. In most cases, patients are found to have cholesterol calculi, resulting from malnutrition, errors in the diet.

Often, the disease occurs in women in the postpartum period, as a result of hormonal changes. Young mothers sometimes forget to eat regularly, which leads to the accumulation and change in the properties of bile. It becomes more viscous, has a negative, destructive character. Stagnation of bile leads to the formation of sediment (sand) in the organ. If you do not notice the pathology on the ultrasound monitor in time, the sand turns into stones of various diameters.

It is desirable for healthy people to eat properly for the prevention of calculous cholecystitis, for sick people a diet is vital for the following reasons.

1. Proper nutrition with gallstones will help reduce the risk of an increase in the number of stones, their size. Large stones are undesirable, they injure the walls of the organ, which leads to its inflammation, complications of the disease. A large number of stones aggravates the work of the body and slows down the process of digestion. A gallbladder half full of stones can burst and it is deadly.
2. A diet with stones reduces the risk of gallbladder colic attacks. Patients who have endured it describe terrible pains that become more unbearable each time. A person is able to faint from pain shock.
3. Compliance with the doctor's prescriptions in nutrition is necessary before a planned operation to remove an organ. The removal of the gallbladder is called a cholecystectomy. The indication for its implementation is biliary colic, deterioration in the quality of life. Before the operation, the patient's condition should be good, which can be achieved by diet.
4. Calculous cholecystitis is reflected in the work of the pancreas. After the first relapse, ignoring proper nutrition leads to inflammation of the organ. The process of digestion is disturbed, in extreme cases, necrosis, peritonitis occurs.
5. GSD affects the condition of the stomach. A provocation in the form of malnutrition leads to gastritis, duodenitis, and ulcers.

A complete diet, compliance with the doctor's instructions regarding nutrition is the basis for the treatment of cholelithiasis.

Sometimes patients who have not experienced colic attacks manage to completely get rid of the problem by using medications and adjusting the daily menu.

Diet for cholelithiasis during an exacerbation and after surgery for stones

Nutrition in the preoperative and postoperative period is different. A patient with stones in the gallbladder or who has eliminated the problem with medication must understand that the disease does not go away completely. Calculi can form again due to malnutrition. The diagnosis of cholelithiasis obliges to follow a diet for life.

Patients who have undergone cholecystectomy are required to follow a strict diet for up to 3-4 months, after which new foods are gradually introduced, the diet expands. 1-2 years after the operation, the person is healthy and can eat fully, limiting himself to a minimum amount of food.

It is important to know!Even after removal of the gallbladder, gallstone remains. Incorrect dietary intake, violation of the doctor's prescriptions leads to the formation of stones in the bile ducts. Doctors recommend following the diet constantly, occasionally allowing exceptions.

Nutritional treatment has certain rules, they should be taken into account when compiling a daily menu:

• eat according to the “table No. 5” diet, with the exception of patients who have undergone surgery (for the first 7 days, eat according to table No. 1a, 1b);
• eating should be regular, every 2-3 hours;
• the portion of the consumed dish should not be more than 200-300 grams;
• the use of water with gases, the intake of medicines is excluded.

What can you eat?

Patients preparing for surgery, being on treatment, must comply with the prescriptions of table No. 5.

Category	Dish
flour products	Unsavory apple, meat, fish, rice products, yesterday's pastries.
The drinks	Chicory, black tea, fruit, vegetable, berry juices (in remission), rosehip broth, jelly.
Milk products	Natural yoghurts, fermented baked milk, snowball, kefir, milk no more than 2.5%, low-percentage cottage cheese.
Eggs	Omelet baked, from proteins (no more than 1 protein per day), soft-boiled.
Sweets	Non-acidic fruits, berries, dried fruits, marshmallows, marmalade, marshmallows.
Seasonings, sauces	Gravy on fruits, vegetables, berries (non-acidic), cinnamon, vanillin, parsley, dill.
Meat	Lean: rabbit, veal, chicken, beef.
Groats	Useful porridge from buckwheat, oats, boiled pasta, any cereals on the water.
fish	Low-fat varieties in the form of cutlets, meatballs, puddings.
Soups	Puree, lean, vegetable.
Fats	Butter, as an additive in food, refined vegetable oil for dressing salads.
Vegetables	Non-sour cabbage, boiled onions. Dishes to use in the form of mashed potatoes, steamed, boiled. Salads in remission.

14 days in the postoperative period, when doctors allow you to eat, it is recommended to follow table No. 1a / b to restore the digestive tract. The body gets used to life without a gallbladder, the ducts take on the role of storage for bile. Allowed products are only steamed, boiled, baked, consumed in puree or liquid form.

Food	Allowed
flour products	Long loaf, yesterday's wheat bread (on the 3rd day after the introduction of the diet), dry biscuits, biscuits, biscuit.
Porridge, cereals	Baby food, liquid porridge from semolina, buckwheat, oats.
Soups	Vegetable purees.
Meat	Puddings, mousses.
Fish	Minced meat, puddings, mousse.
The drinks	Chicory, weak tea with milk, compote, jelly.
Milk products	Pureed cottage cheese (up to 5% fat), varenets, fermented baked milk, snow no more than 2.5%, fresh.
Vegetables	Puree, baby food.

What can not be eaten with gallstone disease?

Category	Dish
Bread and flour products	Fresh baked goods, puff pastry, pastry, fried.
Soups	Mushroom and cooked in fatty broth.
Milk products	Ryazhenka, snowball, milk over 2.5%, non-natural yoghurts, stale kefir, fatty cottage cheese.
Eggs	Fried and yolks.
Sweets	Berries and fruits of sour rocks, cakes, sweets, ice cream, cakes, chocolate.
Sauces, spices	Pepper, horseradish, mustard.
Meat, poultry	Fatty meat, sausages, liver, brains, kidneys, heart.
Groats	Legumes.
Fish	Fatty varieties, salted and smoked fish.
The drinks	Cold, cocktails, cocoa, black coffee, alcohol.
Fats	Butter, vegetable oil, as an independent dish.
Vegetables	Sauerkraut, fresh onions, peas, corn, spinach, radishes, green onions.

Sample menu for a week with cholelithiasis

The menu for gallstones for a week has products allowed by table number 5. An exemplary menu can be used for patients who have undergone surgery, but after 14 days of a strict diet according to table No. 1.

day/time	Menu
Monday
8.00	Hercules, chicory.
11.00	A piece of rye bread with cheese (fat content up to 20%), oatmeal jelly.
14.00	Steam veal, mashed potatoes, chicory.
17.00	200 grams of fresh kefir.
19.00	Buckwheat, yogurt. A glass of yogurt at night.
Tuesday
8.00	Semolina porridge, oatmeal.
11.00	Fish dumplings.
14.00	Chicken noodles, buckwheat with boiled turkey, compote.
17.00	Baked banana.
19.00	Rice with vegetables.
environments
8.00	Hercules, milk.
11.00	Cottage cheese casserole.
14.00	Pasta, fish meatballs, vegetable soup, weak black tea.
17.00	Curd dumplings.
19.00	200 grams of fresh kefir.
Thursday
8.00	Protein omelet, oatmeal jelly.
11.00	A glass of drinking yogurt.
14.00	Fish soup, turkey meatballs.
17.00	Baked bananas, apple.
19.00	Buckwheat, yogurt 200 grams
Friday
8.00	Millet porridge, jelly.
11.00	Baked banana.
14.00	Fish puree, vegetables, vegetable stew, rosehip drink.
17.00	Buckwheat with meatballs, tea with milk.
19.00	Creative dumplings.
Saturday
9.00	Macaroni, compote.
12.00	A piece of bread with cheese (fat content up to 20%), oatmeal jelly.
14.00	Dietary borscht, cheese pasta, jelly.
17.00	Fish sticks.
19.30	Boiled shrimp, tea.
Sunday
9.00	Cottage cheese casserole, compote.
11.30	Steam fritters.
14.30	Veal manti, jelly.
18.00	Glass of yogurt
20.00	Boiled vegetable salad (beets, carrots), fruit optional.

Nutrition for cholelithiasis during an exacerbation is different. It includes all products from the fifth table according to Pevzner, but in a pureed, boiled form, or the use of the first table. When remission occurs, you can not grind the dishes.

Are there any special features for the female body?

The diet for cholelithiasis in women is no different from men. There are differences in the occurrence of the disease, its course. The female gender is more likely to develop cholelithiasis. Women are more addicted to sweets, which is strictly prohibited during the period of exacerbation and partly in remission.

During pregnancy, you should more carefully monitor the health of the gastrointestinal tract, eat regularly and according to the prescribed diet. The expectant mother needs to diversify the menu so that all the necessary substances are included in it: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, fiber. You can’t do without vitamin complexes during the period of bearing a baby.

Gastroenterologists recommend following a diet for gallstone disease, regardless of the course of the disease. If gallstones do not bother, eating errors will lead to complications, seizures, and further surgical intervention. Calculous cholecystitis is easier to prevent by monitoring the diet and diet than to fight.