Object map
systematic position.
Family Rosaceae Juss. genus Pyrus L.Synonyms.
Pyrus communis L. subsp. caucasica (Fed.) BrowiczMorphology and biology.
Tree 20-25 (30) m tall, with a broad pyramidal or oval crown, at a young age with numerous spines. The bark on the trunk and old branches with deep longitudinal cracks, sometimes the bark exfoliates in the form of large strips, peels off. Young shoots are greenish or dark brown with a few small light lenticels. Leaves are 3-5 cm long and 2.5-4.5 cm wide, rounded-ovate, ovate or oval, with a short, acute apex and a broadly wedge-shaped, rounded or slightly heart-shaped base. In young plants, the leaves along the entire edge are sharp-serrated, hairless; in adults - entire, pubescent only along the edge. Flowers 2.5-3.5 cm in diameter are collected in inflorescences of 5-8 flowers. Petals are white or pinkish with a long nail. Fruits 1.5-3 cm in diameter, mostly round, sometimes pear-shaped, yellow, green-yellow, stainless, with remaining sepals. The pulp is white or greenish-white, sour-sweet, tart, bitter, with a large number of stony cells, darkens when ripe, edible after maturation. Insect pollinated. Zoochore. Blossoms in April-May, fruits ripen in late July-September. 2n=34.Spreading.
Caucasus. Endemic to the Caucasus.Ecology.
Mesophyte. It occurs everywhere in the wooded part of the Caucasus, in mountainous and flat areas with sufficient moisture, often along river valleys. Usually it is part of the forest stands of the first and second tiers of forests of various types. Pure pear forests are secondary and appear on abandoned pastures, hayfields and clearings; they do not exist for a long time, since the Caucasian pear is being replaced by broad-leaved species. It rises to the mountains up to 1500-1600 (1900) m above sea level.Use and economic importance.
Food (fruit), honey. Ancestor of many local pear varieties.Literature:
Brezhnev D. D., Korovina O. N. Wild relatives cultivated plants flora of the USSR. L.: Kolos, 1981. - S. 188-190.Likhonos F.D., Tuz A.S., Lobachev A.Ya. Cultural flora of the USSR. Pome fruits (apple, pear, quince). - M.: Kolos, 1983. - T. XIV. - P.156-157.
Sokolov S.Ya., Svyazeva O.A., Kubli V.A. Areas of trees and shrubs of the USSR. - L .: Nauka, 1980. - V.2. - P.55.
Caring for the family is hidden in the little things: a delicious breakfast, maintaining comfort in the house and sweet vitamins from your own garden. Complex useful substances contained in our pear caucasus.
This variety of pear is characterized by large 200 g fruits. Everything is like the selection of the correct pear-shaped shape, slightly bumpy with numerous speckles. The skin is yellow-green with a washed-out red blush. The flesh is juicy and aromatic, pale cream color melts in your mouth. pear caucasus intended for fresh consumption and processed. The shelf life of this variety is not long, ripening at the end of August, after picking it lies no more than 20 days. If you plan to start this variety for sale, then it is best to collect the fruits 10 days before full ripening, this will allow you to transport it without loss.
In the garden pear sapling Caucasus should be located in the most illuminated place. The tree grows small with a medium dense pyramidal crown. It starts fruiting at the age of 7, so you need to be patient. But the very first harvest of fruits will meet all your expectations, as the yield is high. Resistance to diseases is above average, winter-hardy variety.
root system pear seedling Caucasus for shipment to the customer, it is packed in an individual package of peat mixture wrapped in a film, so that your seedling will come alive and full of strength.
Buy pear seedlings Caucasus You can click the "Add to Cart" button and place your order.
Late-summer variety of selection of the Stavropol Experimental Station for Horticulture. Obtained from crossing the Williams variety with the Forest Beauty. The author of the variety is P. V. Kuznetsov. It is zoned in the North Caucasus region. The tree is small, the crown is wide-pyramidal, of medium density. The bark on the trunk is smooth, gray. The branches are arched, rounded, brown. The shoots are dark cherry in color. The lenticels are small, there are few of them, the buds are bent, medium, conical, smooth. The leaves are medium or lower than medium, ovate, short-pointed, dark green, smooth, matte. The leaf blade is concave, there is no pubescence, the edge of the leaf is finely serrated. The petiole is long, medium, glabrous. Stipules are small, elongated. Flowers medium, white. The petals are round. The fruits are very beautiful, one-dimensional, pear-shaped, bumpy, correct form. The peel is of medium thickness, oily, greenish-yellow in the state of consumer maturity. The integumentary color occupies most of the fruit, blurry, red. Subcutaneous dots are medium, green, well visible. Peduncle medium, thick, curved, oblique. The funnel is absent, the calyx is closed, the saucer is small, wide, furrowed. Elliptical heart. The seed chambers are closed, the seeds are medium, pitcher-shaped, light brown. The pulp is creamy, tender, oily, very juicy, sweet, aromatic. Chemical composition fruits: solids - 18.6%, sugars - 10.4%, titratable acids - 0.19%, ascorbic acid - 9.5 mg / 100g. The usual period for picking fruits is from August 20 to September 5. The duration of storage is up to 20 days, in special storage facilities - 1.5 months. Fruit marketability is high. The yield of fruits of the first grade is 90%. Fruits taken 10 days before consumer maturity (August 10-15) tolerate transportation well. The variety needs pollinators. The best pollinators are varieties: Clapp's Favorite, Williams, Bere Bosk, Krasnoshchekaya, Nalchik Kostyka, Korsunskaya. Trees begin to bear fruit for 7 years. The productivity of the variety is high. Flowering and fruiting regular. In the foothill zone of the Stavropol Territory, the yield of fruits from 8-12-year-old trees on the rootstock of the Caucasian forest pear was 153 c/ha. Winter hardiness is high. The variety is relatively disease resistant. In years of strong epiphytoties, its scab susceptibility is 0.5-1 points. Advantages of the variety: yield, high marketability of fruits, suitability for consumption both fresh and for various types of processing. Disadvantages of the variety: fruits are significantly susceptible to damage by fruit monilia. The variety is recommended for breeding for large size and good quality fruits. Works well on quince.
Pear variety Caucasus - description. Advantages and disadvantages of the Caucasus pear variety. In the section "Photo of the Caucasus pear variety" your photo of the variety can be presented as your author's work.
Pear variety Caucasus. Photo layout.
The Catalog on the site contains a description of 243 pear varieties in all regions of Russia. There is no high-quality photo of the Caucasus pear variety in the author's collection.
Your photo of the Caucasus pear variety can be submitted and signed in place of the “Photo Layout”
Description of the sections of the page "Caucasus pear variety".
1. Pear variety Caucasus. Description.
2. Pear variety Caucasus. Advantages and disadvantages.
3. Pear variety Caucasus and "Photo variety".
4. Pear variety Caucasus and gardening answers.
Pear variety Caucasus. Description.
Caucasus. Williams x Forest beauty. Received at the Stavropol experimental station for horticulture.
Pear variety Caucasus on the state variety testing since 1971. Included in the state register in 1988 by North Caucasus region(Rostov Region, Stavropol Territory and Karachay-Cherkess Republic).
Pear variety Caucasus in the description - the late summer period of consumption. Scab resistant. The yield is high. Canteen.
The tree in the description has a wide-pyramidal crown, of medium density. Fruits are above average, 180-200 g, pear-shaped, bumpy.
The main color of the fruits of the Caucasian pear variety in the description is greenish-yellow with a blurred pink blush.
fruit pulp pear varieties Caucasus in the description - tender, oily, very juicy, excellent taste.
Pear variety Caucasus. Advantages and disadvantages.
Benefits of pear variety Caucasus. A high yielding and scab resistant pear variety. The fruits are above average with excellent taste.
Disadvantages of pear variety Caucasus. Bumpy fruit shape.
Pear variety Caucasus and "Photo variety".
The author does not have a high-quality photo of the Caucasus pear variety in the collection. If you have a high-quality photo of the Caucasus pear variety in your collection, at least 600 X 450 pixels in size, you can send it to me by mail and your signed photo of the Caucasus pear variety will be published on this page of the site. Enter your full name and city of residence.
Pear variety Caucasus and gardening answers.
From the page " Pear variety Caucasus» You can go to the friendly website www.narod-sad.ru via
It would seem that a pear is a plant known to everyone, however, it also has features that not everyone knows about. This is not just a tree with delicious fruits, but also a beautiful ornamental plant that can decorate your garden, park.
So, pear (PYRUS) is a deciduous tree, usually tall or medium in size, sometimes a shrub.
The trunk of the tree is straight, up to 25 m tall. The bark is wrinkled, with cracks. The crown is often pyramidal, rounded, rarely sprawling. The leaves are alternate, usually of medium size. Above naked and shiny.
Flowers form corymbose inflorescences of 3-20 flowers in them. White, sometimes pink flowers are located on short branches of branches with the age of several years, consist of 5 petals. The fruits are rounded, obversely conical. Belongs to the Rosaceae family.
Pear grows mainly in mountain forests. Loves lighted places, undemanding to the soil, resistant to droughts. Likes soils deep, loose, sandy, rich in humus. Does not like a lot of moisture. Well mastered in urban conditions. grafting. Used as an ornamental plant in single plantings, forming groups, edges.
The most famous types of pears
Caucasian pear
Pyrus caucasica grows in the wooded part of the Caucasus to the south of Azerbaijan and Armenia. In nature, it forms groves along river valleys, in clearings of hornbeam and oak forests. Grows up to 26 m.
The root system has a well-defined main root, from which there are many branches, especially if the pear grows in a rocky area.
The plant is propagated by seeds and semi-lignified cuttings, which take root well. Sowing is done in spring or before winter. Before spring sowing, the seeds are stratified for 2 months at a temperature of +5 degrees. This species is well resistant to drought, does not need watering.
The most beautiful tree during periods of flowering, as well as fruiting. Its bark is gray, flaky, peeling off in large stripes. The branches are dark brown or greenish brown, prickly, covered with many white lenticels. The leaves are rounded, sometimes somewhat oblong. Leaves are shiny above, dull below. Petioles are 2 times longer than the blade.
The variety blooms in late April, sometimes in early May. White flowers are five-petalled, collected in corymbs of 5-8. The fruits are yellow, on long stalks, edible, fruit diameter up to 3 cm.
The Caucasian pear usually serves as a rootstock for cultivars.
willow pear
Pyrus salicifolia Pall is common in the foothills North Caucasus, in eastern Transcaucasia, Central Asia. You can meet her in the arid woodlands of the middle and lower mountain belts.
This tree is low, only 8-10 m. Its branches end with a thorn. Young shoots have white felt pubescence. The crown is broadly ovate. Young leaves are silvery, later becoming dark green above, shiny, whitish-fluffy below. White flowers, like other species, form corymbose inflorescences. The fruits are small, about 2 cm, on a short stalk.
The willow pear is not demanding on the composition of the soil, it is drought-resistant, it can even tolerate soil compaction and salinity. It is not recommended to plant in areas not protected from the cold wind.
In the spring, dried branches, damaged, frozen, are pruned.
The pear abundantly gives root shoots, it is also propagated by seeds, while the cuttings have a low rooting rate.
This species is extremely decorative, attracting attention with elegant openwork foliage and early flowering. Trees are planted singly, in groups and edge plantings, used as hedges.
The willow pear has a weeping shape. Thin drooping branches look beautiful in spring with white flowers and silver-white leaves, turning gray-green by autumn.
Small green fruits are inedible, hanging on branches from summer to winter.
pear
Pyrus elaeagrifolia Pall grows wild in the Crimea, the Caucasus, where it is found on rocky steep slopes, edges of oak and beech forests, and in clearings.
A tree grows up to 10 m. It has a wide crown, shoots are prickly, felt-pubescent.
Silvery leaves, which is why the species got its name. The length of the leaves is about 9 cm, the diameter of the flowers is 2.5 cm. Pink flowers look spectacular against the backdrop of silvery foliage. The fruits are small, 2 cm in diameter.
The tree grows in infertile rocky places, resistant to drought, photophilous. It usually does not need pruning, only dry, diseased, broken branches are removed, as well as shoots directed towards the trunk.
The variety has a high resistance to cold. It is propagated by sowing seeds before winter or in spring. Decorative single plants, also in groups in combination with dark green deciduous or coniferous trees. May serve as a rootstock for cultivars.
common pear
Pyrus communis L. grows in the forest-steppes of the European region of Russia, in the mountain forests of Southern and Central Europe, Central and Asia Minor. You can meet her more often on clearings, edges in deciduous and coniferous forests.
The tree grows up to 20 m. The branches are bare, young ones are prickly. Leaves pubescent at first, then shiny, smooth. The petioles are long, the leaf is elliptical or round-ovate. The flowers appear before the leaves, they are white, 3 cm in diameter. The fruits are yellow, the stalk is thin.
The common pear grows slowly. It tolerates drought, frost, wind well. Adapts perfectly to urban conditions. Young trees are easily sheared, forming dense thickets.
This species is propagated by seeds. Well suited as a rootstock for cultivars. The tree is long-lived, the age can be more than 300 years.
The most decorative pear is in the flowering season, also in autumn attire, when the foliage is painted in bright purple-orange colors.
Ussuri pear
Distributed in nature in the Primorsky Territory, Amur region, Khabarovsk Territory, Korea, Northeast China. Grows on forest edges, mountain slopes, in river valleys.
Ussuri pear - beautiful tree 15 m high. The trunk is straight, dark gray, it can even be almost black. The dense crown grows in all directions, forming a beautiful tent, if the tree is sufficiently lit. The ovate leaves are shiny, dark green, dense. In autumn they turn into crimson-red shades. White flowers are quite large, 4 cm in diameter, emit a strong smell, grow in inflorescences of 5-10 pieces, appear before the leaves. They are pollinated by the pollen of a neighboring tree, so single-planted pears do not bear fruit. The pulp of the fruit is tart, the shape and color differ in different varieties.
This species is propagated by root offspring, layering, seeds.
The pear looks very impressive against the background of pines, firs, birches. Quietly tolerates urban conditions, very effectively reduces noise.
