Team games for children outdoors in summer. Contests for children in nature in the summer

Summer is a time of non-stop fun. The main advantage of this time of year is that in order to have a good time, you just need to go outside. We all have a yard or cottage, but nothing more is needed. Here, too, you can have a great time and arrange a real holiday for your and neighbor's children. You just need to have a pair of relatively straight arms and a supply of enthusiasm.

1. Street twister

It's cool, right? You yourself determine the size of the playing field and the size of the colored circles, depending on the age of the participants. To make it more comfortable for children, the circles can be made smaller. All this is prepared in an elementary way: it is easiest to draw on the pavement with colored crayons (in order not to get your hands dirty, just outline the outlines of the circles, and do not paint over them completely). If you're willing to risk your lawn, there are water-based paints on the market that will wash off in the rain. Drawing circles of the same size will help cardboard box, in the bottom of which a corresponding hole is cut.

2. Sleight of hand

A step-by-step master class that is understandable without translation will help you prepare everything you need in no time. The rules are simple: players take turns drawing sticks, trying to do it so that all the balls remain in place. The winner is the one who ends up with fewer dropped balls. Inventory you can find at home or in hardware store Well, it's all cheap. Sticks can be taken bamboo, they are often used as a support for flowers.

3. Leaning tower

Friedamischke/Depositphotos.com

Everything is also clear here: we remove the blocks in turn, whose tower collapses, he lost. Actually, only blocks are needed for the game. Approximate length - 25 cm, total number - 48 pieces. In a hardware store, you buy thick enough boards, saw them and sand them, and then there are options: you can leave them in their original form, or you can paint them (only the ends, entirely or even paint with patterns).

4. Canvas bouncers

The game requires a steady hand and remarkable accuracy, and for its preparation you need only a piece of tarpaulin and colored tape. Cut holes in the tarp different shapes and sizes (the smaller, the more interesting), glue their edges with colored tape and assign your value in points to each hole. The winner is the one who scores the maximum number of points in 10 throws.

5. Throw a ring


Funkenschlag/Depositphotos.com

Make a ring stand yourself or just use what is around, even tree branches. Remember: the farther from the goal the player is, the more interesting.

6. Downhill racing

For this game you will need noodles - sticks for swimming and water aerobics. They are sold in sporting goods stores. Buy such a stick and carefully cut along. It is not necessary to completely separate the halves from each other, it is enough that they open in the manner of a book. Then, even more accurately, cut longitudinal grooves on each half. Mark the start and finish lines with flags - the track is ready! Both toy cars of the appropriate size and just glass balls can ride on it.

7. Treasure Hunt


tobkatrina/Depositphotos.com

Unfortunately, today children spend little time on fresh air but this game will fix it. We are compiling a list of treasures that players will need to collect. cones, different types flowers, leaves, twigs unusual shape, something round, triangular or square, objects of red, green or yellow color. We print out these lists and stick them on paper bags, and hand the bags to the trackers. The winner is the one who first collected all the items from the list.

8. Accurate throw

Using a drill and screws, we attach a couple of buckets of different sizes to a long board, and put it vertically (you can just lean it against the wall). For hitting the ball in each of the buckets, a certain number of points are awarded. The smaller the bucket, the more points.

9. Obstacle Course


pavsie/depositphotos.com

This is where you can let your imagination run wild! To create a full-fledged obstacle course, you can use everything that comes to hand: old tires, ladders, ropes, buckets ... The children have fun, and you relax while waiting for them at the finish line with a stopwatch.

10. Bottle bowling

Great game for both kids and adults. Of the required: 10 plastic bottles, paint and tennis ball. Paint the bottles and the ball (to make it look just like the real thing), let them dry thoroughly. Then fill the bottles with water - the skittles are ready.

11. Sticks in business

Here again, you need noodles. With their help, children should throw as many balloons as possible into a plastic basket. Simple, but quite fun.

12. Tic-tac-toe


Damocless/Depositphotos.com

Unlike the usual paper version, the street version provides much more freedom in choosing inventory. You can take large pebbles or wooden dice and paint them, or you can get by with any improvised items.

13. Stick Olympics

And noodles again. The main advantage of these pieces is that you can do anything with them. Even bend, even roll into a ring - they will withstand any treatment. For the construction of impromptu sports facilities better material can not found.

14. Accurate shot 2.0

Improved version of the game. We throw balls into tin cans, which are attached to a branch with a chain. The rules are the same: for hitting each jar, a certain number of points are given, whoever scores more - well done. Banks are swinging, so hitting the target is not so easy.


DesignPicsInc/Depositphotos.com

The usual game becomes much more interesting if the participants do not stand on the ground, but on inverted milk crates or stumps. Here you need to show not only strength, but also a fair amount of dexterity.

16. Ice riches

In the heat, this will cause the children to be completely delighted. Freeze water with toys and all sorts of little things in a large container. This must be done in layers so that the treasures do not sink to the bottom. Give the children a hammer and a screwdriver - in the next half hour they will have something to do.

17. Darts with balloons


stevebonk/depositphotos.com

The name speaks for itself. Inflate the balloons and tape or staple them to the board. There is a lot of noise, but even more fun.

18. Outdoor games

The rules are the same as in traditional board games, but instead of toy figures, there are people here, and a bigger cube. By the way, it can be made from an ordinary box pasted over with colored paper. Draw with chalk the path you need to go, and put all the necessary marks: one step back, two steps forward, return to the start.

19. Accurate shot 3.0

More difficult, more interesting. The stepladder comes to replace buckets and banks. The remaining conditions are the same: each step is assigned a value in points, you need to score as many as possible. A ball will not work here, so sew a small bag and fill it with beans, rice or buckwheat. Even an old sock will do to save time.

20. Playing with light


bluesnote/depositphotos.com

If it gets dark, this is not a reason to go home. Neon sticks, which are sold in the holiday stores, will help prolong the fun. Attach them to the edges of buckets or jars, so you and your children can play even late at night.

What do you play with your kids in the summer? We are waiting for your stories in the comments.

Young parents often think that it would be nice to take the child to nature, the sea. Everyone understands that it is useful to breathe fresh forest or sea air. In order to improve, maintain immunity, rest outside the urban environment is recommended by many pediatricians. Yes, and for many parents it is important for psychological balance to change the usual landscapes for forest, field, sea. But with the benefits and joy of the upcoming vacation, many questions arise related to the organization of entertainment, nutrition and daily routine.

What to do with the baby on vacation, how to ensure his safety, are probably the most difficult of the questions that appear in the mother’s head during preparation. If adults can perfectly spend a long time just enjoying the surrounding view, bask in the rays of the sun, communicate, then children get bored of such a pastime quite quickly, the moment comes when you have to figure out what to do with your child so that the rest is interesting and useful.

To help you in this matter, we have prepared a selection of simple and exciting activities for children. different ages and a memo in which safety nuances are written and it is advisable to take them into account even before setting off on the road.

What to do with a child in nature

Relaxing by the fire, on the river bank or in the forest with barbecue and fried potatoes is a popular form of entertainment that many people often resort to in the warm season. Fleeing from the city to the bosom of nature, people want to relax, enjoy the beautiful views and relax in good company. Families with small children are no exception. It is useful for children to get acquainted with the outside world not only in pictures, but also live, looking at grass, pebbles, trees. Giving their child the opportunity to enjoy clean air, run freely, scream and learn new things for him, adults create conditions for the development of physical skills, curiosity and other qualities that are important for the baby. The basis for quality outdoor recreation is the ability to find a useful and interesting activity.

Activities and games for children 1-3 years old

When going out into the countryside with small children, it is advisable to prepare. Take some entertainment items, think about where the baby can sleep (don't forget the mosquito net to protect the sleeping baby from insects). It's a good idea to think about cleanliness, diaper changes, spare clothes in case of a change in weather or an unexpected situation.

When all the basic issues are resolved, it's good to think about entertainment. Among simple ways to take children 1-3 years old:

  • Look what it is. It is good to spend time with children under 3 years old, examining the surrounding objects, listening to the sounds of nature, focusing on the beauty of small objects. A lot of different pebbles, patterns on the leaves, the smell of flowers will captivate the little researcher, and if you tell what color, shape the object is, give its name, then the baby will receive more information than in the most fruitful lesson at home. In addition to basic knowledge, he will form tactile, sound, visual sensations that cannot be conveyed at home;
  • Dig and spill. A little space among things will take an ordinary bucket with a shovel, a few sandbox molds. Let the baby dig the ground next to him, let him see how it differs from the smooth sand in the sandbox, try to fill a hill, make cakes with your help, use the usual methods of working with bulk material. Earth differs from sand in its texture, content, humidity, temperature. Such an activity will provide additional tactile knowledge. If it is difficult for the little one to dig up the earth on his own, help him, remove the top layer of turf, loosen it and look for unwanted objects;
  • hidden treasures. When the baby gets tired of digging in the ground, offer to collect beautiful pebbles, leaves, cones or other items that he finds in a bucket. After returning, you can make crafts or an appliqué from them, reminiscent of the rest. Children who already know the numbers can count the collected material, sort it by size, quantity, or other proposed features;
  • Drawings on the ground. Kids up to three years old are not yet very good at drawing, but their imagination is already enough to create beautiful scenes from pebbles, leaves, etc. Let your little creator create his own picture from the abundance of natural materials that are. Show how to make a man, a sun, a car out of stones and a few sticks. Discuss with him what he did, look for familiar images in the surrounding area, try to convey them using improvised materials. Such an activity develops fine motor skills, imagination well;
  • Bubble. Entertainment not only for kids, but also adults. Just pop, catch up or try to catch. It’s not bad to get not ordinary bubbles, but large ones, from which huge balls are made. Give the opportunity not only to observe, but also to try to inflate the bubble yourself, but be careful that the baby does not drink the solution. Running, jumping, trying to catch a soap bubble, the child will receive excellent physical activity, train coordination, accuracy;
  • If it is warm summer weather outside, and your vacation will take place near a reservoir, then take inflatable pool. Most children enjoy splashing and playing with water. In addition, give a ball or a ball, offer it to ride on the water, build a boat from a twig and a leaf, arrange sea adventures;
  • children's tent. A great option when there will be more than one child in the company, but several. In such a tent, you just need to put a blanket or a few travel pillows and the place for games is ready. Encourage children to play catch-up, hide-and-seek around the building. If the children are still too young for independent games, then it is convenient to read books in a tent, to stage performances from dolls made of flowers and twigs;
  • Ball. With a child under 3 years old, it’s good to just throw each other, kick or arrange small gates from branches. Camping allows the baby to feel freedom, to scream freely, not to be afraid to break or damage something;
  • Catching, tag or other outdoor games, which you play at home or on the playground are also suitable for nature. Make sure that the baby is dressed in comfortable shoes and clothes that allow him to move freely. If you are traveling in a company, then ask your friends what their favorite games were in childhood, suitable for the age of the crumbs - a great option to learn a new activity.

Camping with children under 3 years old is a useful and interesting event, but it is worth preparing for it. Remember to bring a potty or diapers with you. Babies eat better outdoors, so stock up on the amount of food they need. Find a quiet place during sleep and be sure to protect your baby from the sun and insects. And using the proposed activities with the child, you can easily entertain him anywhere.

Tasks and games for children 3-6 years old

Outdoor recreation with a baby over three years old - an outing to explore the world, lovely way develop new skills, consolidate knowledge about nature, breathe fresh air. Little researchers who have mastered the speech, with great pleasure study new things for them, spend more time on the study of unusual subjects. There are many useful and interesting options for outdoor entertainment. Here are some examples of activities:

  • Good with children over 3 years old acquainted with surrounding nature , dream up and offer to see familiar images. Give your baby time to explore a new space for him under your control. Help to find familiar objects, name new ones, tell about them;
  • badminton, ball, jump rope, rubber bands and other interesting active games. If there are children in the company, then these toys can keep them busy for a very long time. In the absence of peer companions, play by yourself. Attract your companions, let them remember their childhood and show what they are capable of in simple but very interesting activities;
  • Swimming pool. Children over 3 years old enjoy playing with water. Offer them water pistols, a ball, and various figurines made from scrap materials. Don't leave them alone;
  • Ball games. Depending on the knowledge of the baby, play "Edible - inedible", "I know 5 ..." and other games from your childhood. For children who know numbers, offer Uno cards or by age;
  • Catchers and tags. 3-6 year olds already have pretty good motor coordination, so play outdoor games in a certain area. To create a competitive moment, establish additional rules by limiting time, territory;
  • Collections and bouquets. Going out into nature is good for collecting material for crafts and applications, start collecting a herbarium or a collection of interesting pebbles and other objects of different shapes and / or colors;
  • Folding furniture, tents or fishing rods if fishing is planned. For kids who love to play role-playing games or are interested in adult activities, it is convenient to grab a toy analogue of adult things or practice the ability to remain silent by offering to catch a fish. Children are imitators by nature, so give them the opportunity to play in adulthood;
  • Drawing materials. Fans of drawing are advised to grab the necessary supplies, and when they get bored classic look, offer to paint pebbles and make a bright rug or pattern from painted stones;
  • Magnifier and binoculars. A small researcher will definitely be interested in the opportunity to study what the smallest particle of a leaf, the earth looks like. If it is a sunny day outside, then strictly under your supervision, show how a fire is extracted with a magnifying glass, a name or a drawing is burned out. Having offered such an activity, be sure to tell the baby about the safety rules and the importance of careful handling of fire. Binoculars will allow you to develop your spatial thinking, clearly show the difference in concepts far and near, entertain;
  • Kite. When relaxing in windy weather in a fairly free space, an interesting activity for children is the ability to fly a kite. The main rule for such entertainment is your ability to do it, if you doubt your own knowledge, familiarize yourself with the launch technique before the trip.

Camping is a great way to get away from everyday life and allow the child to learn a lot of new information for him, train his physical skills and add new skills to his arsenal. Resting with children in the forest, by the pond, you can get a lot of positive emotions and help the child in his development. If there are children in the company, then in addition to knowledge, the kid will receive invaluable communication experience and, possibly, make new friends.

Walking in the fresh air is very useful, especially for a growing child's body. The more time a child spends outdoors, the better, especially if children regularly travel with their family or team to nature. Far from noisy and dusty megacities, kids breathe clean fresh air, actively spend their leisure time, eat with appetite.

When going on a picnic, it is worth considering in advance what to do with the kids. We offer you several options for fun and active outdoor games in nature for children. Let them run, make noise and have fun!

Summer games in nature for kids with parents

  1. Many games contain cognitive information. For example, the smallest ones can be offered the following entertainment: one of the parents, for example, a mother, says the phrase: “One, two, three - run to the birch soon!”. The kid and dad have to find the right tree, run up and touch it. After that, you can discuss with the child the features of the birch: its unusual color, shape, earrings, etc. Then the game can be continued by inviting the child to find a spruce, pine, bush, chamomile, etc. (depending on the surrounding landscape).
  2. Gather together a collection of pebbles, cones, colorful leaves. At home, you can make a herbarium or an interesting craft with your own hands from these materials.
  3. When it's time for the baby to rest, lie down together on the mat and look at the sky. You can guess what the clouds look like - this is great for developing the imagination.
  1. If your picnic takes place in the forest, you can offer children a competition to see who can throw a cone the highest or farthest, a competition in accuracy (who will more accurately hit a tree with a cone), etc.
  2. The leader preliminarily lays out various bright objects brought with him on the forest path. Children take turns walking along the route, returning by another road (together with an adult), and then show their powers of observation: they need to tell where and what object was lying.
  3. Two children are given a basket each, and in a minute they must collect as many cones as possible. Whoever collects the most wins! If there are many children, then they can be combined into teams of several people.
  4. You can play the “chain” game known to many adults. Its essence is as follows: two teams of children stand opposite each other, holding hands, and then the captains of each team take turns calling one of the rival players. He must, having run up, break their chain. If he succeeded, he takes one of the two guys who did not hold the chain to his team. If the chain survived, this player joins the opponents. The game ends when only one person remains on one of the teams.
  5. "Treasure". This game is suitable for a family with several children. Give each child a map you have drawn in advance, where a hidden treasure is marked (a small toy, a chocolate bar, etc.). Mark trees, hills, paths on the map with special icons. The game teaches the child to navigate the terrain, and is usually very popular with children.

Ball games in nature

If you took the ball with you, then adults can also join the game. Such games in nature can be played not only in summer, but also in spring and autumn: running and jumping are great for keeping warm.

  1. "Hot potato". All players stand in a circle at a distance of a few steps from each other, and begin to quickly throw the ball around the circle. The player who did not catch sits in the center of the circle. In order to help him out, you need to hit the ball on the back (if the ball is not heavy) or, if the ball is small, throw it so that the seated player catches it.
  2. It is also good to play volleyball, badminton, and other traditional games in nature.

Camping games for schoolchildren

Kostyrina Galina Vladimirovna, teacher additional education MBOU Center for Children's Creativity, Karagailinsky village.
Purpose: This development can be useful for educators preschool institutions and teachers of additional education, parents.
Summer is the time for outdoor activities, country walks, hiking, picnics. Walking in the fresh air is very useful, especially for a growing child's body. The more time a child spends outdoors, the better, especially if children regularly travel with their family or team to nature.
Often, adults do not know what to do with children during outdoor recreation, so when going for a picnic, you should think in advance what to do with the kids. I offer you several options for fun and active outdoor games in nature for children. Let them run, make noise and have fun!

Target: Organize a comprehensive social and communicative and physical development child; development of ingenuity, perception and understanding of the natural world through the game.
Tasks:
To expand the ideas and knowledge of children about nature.
The ability to behave correctly in communication with nature.
To develop the emotional sphere of children through the artistic and sound perception of nature.
Improve skills of orientation in space.
"Whose jump is next?"
The competition is held between teams (from 2 or more people).
Task: the first member of the team jumps in length from a place from the intended line, the next player becomes his footsteps and jumps further, etc. The team with the longer collective jump wins.


"Who is faster?"
Children are divided into two teams (from 2 or more people). For each team, a distinctive sign is selected. (Ribbons of different colors, candy wrappers, bottle caps, etc.)
Along the entire route are interspersed identification marks each team (on trees, bushes, on stones, etc.)
Task: come to the designated place as quickly as possible, collecting your decals to the finish line. The team that collects the most signs and comes first to the finish line wins.
"Most observant"
An adult hides an object (a flag, a baseball cap, a bag of chips, etc.) in a forest in a limited, well-visible area. Names one or two signs indicating its location (forked birch, stump, etc.)
Task: find the hidden object according to the given signs.
The one who first found the item is awarded the title of "Best Pathfinder".


"Running"
The cardinal directions are determined by the compass and are indicated along the edges of the clearing with bright objects (cap scarf, ball, T-shirt, etc.)
Task: children gather in the center of the clearing and at the signal "East", "South", etc. the players must reach the marked place as quickly as possible. The player who makes a mistake is out of the game.
The game continues until the two fastest and most attentive remain.
"Don't turn"
Children are divided into two teams (from 2 or more people). Each team is given two code words denoting “going right” - blue, “going wrong” - red. Teams are placed on opposite edges of the clearing.
Assignment: each participant in turn, blindfolded, goes to the side of the enemy. The team directs him with code words.
The team that gets to the place faster and accurately wins.
"Pathfinders"
Two players are removed under the supervision of an adult, deep into the forest, leaving behind them small objects agreed in advance (cubes, corks, cones, ribbons, etc.), with the help of adults they disguise themselves there.
Task: the children left in the clearing need to find the hidden comrades.
"Find and remember"
On a route 200 meters long, 7-9 subject pictures are located at the same distance (a book, a ball, animals, plants, etc.)
Task: the participants of the game start one at a time with an interval of 3 minutes.
The winner is the one who overcomes the track in the shortest period of time and names all the objects shown in the pictures.
I wish you a pleasant and fun time!

The health of the child ... It is difficult to find something more important for loving mothers and dad. And, of course, health depends on the lifestyle that the family leads. The most important condition strong immunity is a daily stay in the fresh air. It's great if the whole family goes for a walk or a foray into the forest, but the children are bored and sad just walking, for example, along the paths. They want to play. I want to talk about outdoor games that we play with children, our friends and acquaintances.


Tons of papers have been written about the benefits of games for children. This is physical development, and socialization, and knowledge of the world, and team building ... You can continue almost endlessly. No less useful games are for adults. For me, for example, this is a great way to escape from my problems, have fun with the children.

Our favorite outdoor games with our preschool son

My son and I often go for walks together, and each time we have to think about what to do with him in the yard, what to play. I decided to make a list of activities for the walk.

At the bear in the forest

A bear is chosen that "falls asleep". At 10-30 meters (depending on the age of the participants) there is a "house" for the rest. While the bear is sleeping, we begin to walk in his direction, making movements, as if we were picking berries and saying the words: “At the bear in the forest, I take mushrooms and berries, but the bear does not sleep, he growls at us.” After that, the bear "wakes up" and runs after the players, and they must run away to the "house". Whoever is caught becomes a bear.

Owl

An owl is chosen to sleep in the nest. At the word "day" the rest of the bird players fly and have fun. When the host says "night", all the players freeze, and then an owl flies out. She must find a moving little man, then he becomes an owl.

When going out into the countryside, almost all of the entertainment options listed above are suitable, with the exception of swings and crayons on asphalt.

What can you play with a school-age child in the summer in nature?

By and large, almost all games that preschoolers play are applicable here, with slight variations and complications.

Here are a few outdoor games for a group of people. We like to play them during family vacations or outdoor recreation with company.

Chains forged

The players are divided into two teams and stand opposite each other, holding hands.

1st team: Forged chains, unforge us.

1st: Key.

2nd: How?

The 1st team, after conferring, chooses a person from the opposite. This person, having run up, must break the chain, that is, the enemy team. If this succeeds, he returns to his place and takes one person into his chain. If not, stay with the other team. The game is repeated. The team with the most people left wins.

kite and chicken

A kite and a chicken are selected. The rest of the children are chickens. They stand like a train, holding each other by the belt, behind the chicken. The task of the kite is to grab the chicken. The chicken, spreading its arms-wings wide apart, should not allow the kite to bypass itself. Chickens help the hen by moving away from the kite. If the kite grabbed the chicken, then it stands in the "tail", the chicken becomes a kite, and the first chicken becomes a chicken.

King, get to work

The king is chosen. The rest of the guys, having previously agreed, come up and say: King, take us to work.

King: What can you do?

Children: We will not tell, but we will show.

Then they begin to show some kind of action, for example, how they dig, paint or dance. All show the same thing. The king names options. As soon as the correct answer is found, the children rush in all directions, the king must catch someone. The one who is caught becomes king.

Candy wrappers

The players stand in a circle. In the center is the leader. From among those standing in a circle, secretly from the leader, the ringleader is selected (usually they simply silently point with a finger while the leader has turned away). The leader returns to the circle, and all the players begin to say in chorus: “Santiki-wrappers lim-pom-po”, while marching to their places. At some point, the ringleader begins to show another movement, which the players repeat. The leader's task is to figure out the ringleader. The task of the players is to hide, so you need to try not to look at the ringleader, but at some other player. The “calculated” ringleader becomes the leader.

Nose and heel

The players stand in pairs at the back of the head to make two circles, internal and external. On the clap of the leader, the circles begin to move in opposite directions. Then the leader gives a command, for example ear-nose. Pairs must be connected in the indicated parts. Those who did later or incorrectly are eliminated. The remaining pair wins.

Africa

The players become in a circle. The leader circles in the center with closed eyes and outstretched arm. At some point, the leader stops and calls a figure, for example, an elephant. The person he pointed to should put his hand to his nose like a trunk, and his right and left neighbors should fold their hands in a ring and put them to the ears of the “elephant”. If someone was late or did it incorrectly, he becomes the leader.

Elephant. The central one makes a trunk with his hand, the lateral ones put “ears” to it from hands folded into a ring.

Palm. The main one stretches his arms up, and from the sides they pull his arms obliquely up in different directions.

Monkey. One covers his mouth with his palm, the other covers his ears, the third covers his eyes. The most difficult thing is to cover different parts without duplication, and it is impossible to agree in advance.

Kangaroo. The central one shows ears, like a bunny's, and the side ones make a “bag” on his stomach out of his hands.

Eagle. The main player shows a beak from the palms put to the face, the second and third go behind his back and depict wings, one is right and the other is left.

You can think of other animals.

Atoms and molecules

The players move randomly until the leader says: “Atoms, unite into molecules along” ... 4, for example. Players must unite in four people, who did not have enough groups or made a mistake in the score, they are eliminated. The game is repeated with a different number.

Brook

The players become pairs, holding hands, one after another. Clasped hands are lifted up, forming a passage. One player enters the tunnel and, walking between the pairs, chooses a player for himself. Together, the new couple reaches the end of the "corridor" and are the last to stand. The released person goes to the beginning and also goes through the tunnel, looking for a new partner. We play until we get bored. The game can be especially successful among adolescents if they are allowed to pair up only with the opposite sex.