Reserves of Crimea
project "Ecological trail"
students 4 - A class
Mikhailovskaya school
Republic of Crimea
2014-2015 academic year year
Teacher: Shishchenko V.V.
Kazantip nature reserve
- Formed May 12, 1998.
- In total, there are 541 species of vascular plants in Kazantip, which make up 40% of the flora of the plain Crimea and 60% of the flora of the Kerch Peninsula. Of these, 25 species are listed in the Red Book.
- The fauna of the reserve includes 188 species of vertebrates and more than 450 species of invertebrates. 35 species of animals are listed in the Red Book
Karadag nature reserve
- The reserve was established on August 9, 1979
- The vegetation of the reserve is rich in species. Flora of Kara-Dag has more than 2500 species
- The fauna of the reserve is no less rich than the flora and has 5300 species.
Crimean nature reserve
- The Crimean Reserve is one of the oldest in the Crimea. The beginning of the conservation of the territory is considered in 1913.
- The branch of the reserve "Lebyazhy Islands" was established in 1949
- The Crimean Reserve is rich in vegetation. More than 1,200 plant species grow here, of which 29 species are included in the European Red List, and another 9 species are protected by the Berne Convention.
- More than 200 species of vertebrates live in the reserve.
30 species of animals are included in the European Red List,
52 species in the Red Book of Ukraine
Reserve Cape Martyan
- It was organized on February 20, 1973
- In general, more than 200 species of marine animals are found in the waters of the reserve.
- The main value of the reserve and the main purpose of its creation is a relict grove of high juniper.
- In total, the flora of the reserve has about 540 species of plants,
of which 38 are included in the Red Book.
- The fauna of the reserve has 1100 species of animals.
Opuk Nature Reserve
- Founded 1998
- The main goal is to preserve the biological and landscape diversity of Opuk and its coastal zone.
- The region is diverse with many representatives of flora and fauna. 32 species of the reserve's fauna are listed in the Red Book
Yalta mountain forest reserve
- Created on February 20, 1973 on the basis of the Yalta forestry
- In total, about 1363 species of vascular plants grow in the reserve, which is 65% of the species of the Crimean Mountains. In addition, the flora of the reserve includes 78 species rare plants listed in the Red Book
- The fauna of the reserve's vertebrates is much less rich. Most of all bird species live here - 150
Crimean Nature ReserveCrimean Nature Reserve - the largest reserve
Crimea, one of the oldest in the Crimea. Located in the city of Alushta.
The beginning of the conservation of the territory that is now part of it,
the creation in 1913 of the "Reserve of imperial hunting" is considered.
In 1957 the reserve was
turned into Crimean
state reserve hunting economy.
The status of the reserve was
returned to this territory
only in June 1991
years by the decision of the Council
Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR. Branch
Reserve "Lebyazhy"
islands" was created in 1949
year. In 2014 the reserve
was transferred under
observation of the UDP RF.
The main part of the reserve occupies the center of the Main Ridge of the Crimean Mountains, a branch
The reserve is located in the west of the Crimean steppe zone and occupies part of
water area of the Karkinitsky Gulf of the Black Sea.
Here are the highest mountain ranges of Crimea - Yalta Yayla, Gurzufskaya
yayla, Babugan-yayla, Chatyr-Dag-yayla with peaks: Roman-Kosh (1545 m), Bolshaya Chuchel
(1387 m), Chernaya (1311 m). In the central part of the reserve originate many
Crimean rivers - Alma, Kacha, Tavelchuk, Kosse, Marta, UluUzen, Avunda, Derekoika, Donga. There are about 300 mountain springs and
springs, among which the most famous is Savlukh-Su, due to its healing,
silver ions, water. The Crimean Reserve is rich in vegetation. Here grows more
1200 plant species of which 29 are on the European Red List
(Crimean eremur, Crimean cotoneaster, Sobolevsky
Siberian, Dzevanovsky thyme, purple and red-headed lagozeris, prangos
tripartite), and another 9 species are protected by the Berne Convention. 100 kinds
plants and mushrooms growing in the reserve are listed in the Red Book of Russia. To
they include leafless chin, large astrantia, white flower
summer, larkspur Pallas, etc. The rivers and ponds of the reserve are inhabited by 6
fish species such as brook trout,
Crimean endemic barbel, chub.
Least represented in
amphibians in the reserve - there are only 4 of them
species: green toad, tree frog
and lake and crested newt. Birds are the most visible and commonly seen vertebrates. Total in
In the reserve in the mountain-forest part, 160 species of birds were recorded in all seasons of the year.
Red book birds nest here: short-toed eagle, black stork, imperial eagle, black
vulture, griffon vulture, saker falcon, peregrine falcon, spotted rock thrush. Among the nesting common species -
spotted woodpecker, black-headed warbler, warbler, robin, blackbird, Muscovite,
finch, the most numerous bird
Crimean forests, and many others. AT
pine forests nest redheads and
yellow-headed beetles - the smallest
birds of Europe, siskins and common
crossbills. On the yayla - field larks,
quail, variegated rock thrush, most
cautious, mysterious and beautiful bird
reserve, one of the best singers. The largest population of the Crimean deer subspecies in the Crimea lives in the reserve
noble. In addition, in the forests of the reserve there are roe deer,
wild boar, mouflon. From small mammals hedgehog is often found.
The red fox is ubiquitous (sometimes there are silver-brown
instances). Badgers and weasels live in the forests. The reserve maintains the number of wild animals for
optimal level, ensuring the ecological balance of natural
environment. In addition to environmental protection, the Crimean Nature Reserve conducts
research work. According to the program "Chronicle of Nature"
natural processes in forests are studied, observations are made of
rare species of plants and animals, human impact is analyzed
on the environment.
Another function of the reserve is
educational work. When driving
reserve in the city of Alushta created the Museum
nature and the arboretum with an aviary
keeping animals. sightseers
introduce typical and unique
mountain-forest natural complexes,
rare species of plants and animals. On the
the territory of the reserve for
organized visit
equipped recreation areas and three
ecological educational route.
List of sources of information:
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krymsky_prirodny_reserve
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SavlukhSu_(spring)
http://zapovednik-crimea.udprfcrimea.com/info/
http://aipetri.info/southern-coast of crimea/alusta/museum-of-nature of the crimean-reserve
Pictures:
https://go.mail.ru/search_images
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Slide #1
The purpose of the lesson: explore the protected natural areas of Crimea; get acquainted with the types of specially protected natural areas, their function; study the development of the reserve fund in the Crimea.
Subject results. To teach to highlight the essential features of specially protected areas of Crimea; show the role of PAs (specially protected areas) for the conservation of the biological diversity of the biosphere; to form the ability to compare the PAs of the Crimea, to draw conclusions and conclusions based on comparison.
Personal results: formation ecological culture based on the recognition of the value of life in all its manifestations and the need for a responsible, careful attitude to environment;
Metasubject Results: the ability to work with different sources of biological information: find biological information in various sources (textbook text, popular science and reference literature), analyze and evaluate information; the ability to classify - to determine the belonging of biological objects to a certain systematic group; the ability to compare biological objects and processes, to be able to draw conclusions and conclusions based on comparison.
Basic concepts and terms: protected areas, world heritage sites, nature reserves, sanctuaries, National parks, natural monuments, arboretums, botanical gardens.
Equipment and materials : computer, screen, lesson presentation, printouts of didactic material for students.
Lesson type: discovering new knowledge, acquiring new skills and abilities.
Teaching methods : explanatory-illustrative, problem-search, brainstorming, group work.
During the classes
Organization of the class (3 minutes)
Poems about the responsibility of man for the preservation of nature against the background of music
Good afternoon guys, today we have an unusual lesson, a lesson that makes you think, change your view of nature. I would like to start the lesson with a wonderful poem by the poet Alexander Smirnov.
Slides №2,3
There is just a temple, there is a temple of science,
(slides №4,5)
And there is also a temple of nature, with forests stretching their arms towards the sun and winds.
(Slide 6.7)
It is holy at any time of the year, open to us in the heat and cold. Come in here, be a sensitive heart,
(Slide number 8)
Don't desecrate his shrines.
Slide #9
Teacher questions:
To whom is the poet addressing?
What is the purpose of writing this poem?
Updating the basic knowledge of students (4 minutes)
Slides №9,10
What unites the organisms shown on the slide? (endemic)
Slides №11,12
What unites the organisms shown on the slide? (relics)
Slides №13,14
What unites the organisms on the slide? (rare and endangered species of Crimea)
Problem situation (2 minutes)
Slide #15
Facts about the daily extinction of species (graph)
Slides №16,17
Biodiversity and its role in the conservation of the biosphere
What to do in such a situation?
Finding a way out of a problem situation by brainstorming (2 minutes)
Assumption : protect biodiversity at all levels: global, state, regional, local.
Keyword guard!
Mini-lecture (15 minutes)
Slide #18
Specially protected natural areas - territories within which they are protected from traditional economic use and maintained in their natural state to maintain ecological balance, as well as for scientific, educational, cultural and aesthetic purposes.
Slide #19
At present, the total number of protected natural areas in the world has exceeded 2,600, with a total area of over 4 million km2, which is 3% of the land area.
Slide #20
Reserves - areas of natural areas within which (permanently or temporarily) certain types and forms economic activity person.
Reserves - specially protected territories (and water areas) completely excluded from any economic activity for the sake of preserving rare and endangered species.
Reserve-hunting economy - a piece of territory set aside for intensive reproduction of game and intended for strictly regulated hunting.
national park - usually a vast piece of territory allocated for the conservation of nature for recreational and aesthetic purposes, as well as in the interests of science, culture and education.
natural monument - individual natural objects(waterfalls, caves, geysers, unique gorges, ancient trees etc.), which have scientific, historical, cultural and aesthetic significance.
Slide #21
world heritage monument - in 1972, in the face of a growing threat to the natural and cultural heritage of mankind, UNESCO adopted the World Heritage Convention, establishing a Fund, the funds of which are used to protect monuments of world culture, unique natural areas or objects, as a rule, of national importance. Currently, 337 natural and cultural sites are included in the International World Heritage List.
Slide #22
Analyze the table. Select the top three.Determine in which country the conservation business is most developed, and which country practically does not deal with issues of nature protection.
Slide #23
1. The top three are:
1st place - New Zealand, 2nd place - Austria, 3rd place - Russia and Costa Rica
2. The maximum reserve business is developed in New Zealand (16% of the country - OO)
3. Practically does not deal with environmental issues Nicaragua (0.12% of the country - OO)
Slide #24
Reserves of Crimea
Slides #25 -32
Crimean state reserve
Slides #33-35
Cape Martyan
Slides #36 -39
Karadag
Slides #40-44
Opuksky
Slides #45-47
Kazantip
Consolidation of the studied (17 minutes)
Slide #48
Working with a table. The teacher explains the conditions for working in groups. He asks to find task number 1 on the tables. The students complete the task. Self-test.
Slide #49
The teacher explains the conditions of task number 2, asks to find it on the tables. semantic reading, detection of errors in texts. Mutual verification.
Correspondence of terms and their interpretations (task No. 3).
The teacher passes between the tables and checks the correct execution.
scoring groups.
Slide #50
Reflection (2 minutes)
Did you learn something new today?
What seemed the most interesting?
What do you think is the most important thing from what you learned?
What conclusion did you come to?
Slide #51
Take care of the Crimean nature for future generations! Goodbye!
- 1. Crimean natural reserve Geographical position. The purpose and history of the creation of the reserve. Research. Flora and fauna. The work was done by the 11th grade student Rybalchenko Alla
- 2. Geographical position of the reserve The Crimean reserve is one of the oldest in the Crimea and Ukraine. The main part of the reserve occupies the center of the Main Ridge of the Crimean Mountains, a branch of the reserve is located in the west of the Crimean steppe zone and occupies part of the Karkinitsky Bay of the Black Sea. The area of the mountainous part Crimean Reserve It is formed from sections of the mountains of the Main Ridge, a basin between the mountains and the slopes of the Inner Ridge of the Crimean Mountains.
- Here are the highest mountain ranges of Crimea - Yalta Yayla, Gurzufskaya Yayla, Babugan-Yayla, Chatyr-Dag-Yayla. A large amount of precipitation and dense forest cover have led to the fact that many Crimean rivers originate in the central part of the reserve - Alma, Kacha, Tevelchuk, Kosse, Marta, Ulu-Uzen, Avunda, Derekoika, Donga. There are about 300 mountain springs and springs, among which the most famous Saylukh-Su, due to its healing, with silver ions, water
- 4. Limestone rocks, which make up most of the rocks in the territory of the reserve, have led to the wide distribution of karst landforms: cavities, wells, grottoes, mines and caves. General relief the main part of the reserve is characterized by significant elevation changes, ruggedness and heterogeneity.
- 5. The purpose and history of the creation of the reserve The Crimean reserve was organized in 1928. It occupies 33397 hectares. in the central part of the Main Crimean ridge. More than 1200 species of plants (almost half of the entire flora of Crimea) grow in the protected area, over 200 species of vertebrates live (half of those found in Crimea).
- 6. Great scientific and cultural and educational significance of the reserve. On the periphery of the protected area, several recreational sections of ecological trails have been created, where tourists in organized groups, without harming nature, get acquainted with its riches.
- 7. On Chatyrdag, the most beautiful cave "Marble" is equipped for mass visits. Off the northwestern coast of Crimea there is a branch of the reserve - the Lebezhy Islands. One of the largest concentrations of waterfowl in Eastern Europe is located here: more than 230 species, of which 18 species are listed in the Red Book.
- 8. Up to 5,000 swans flock to molt from the south every year, and the colony of gulled polar cod has more than 30,000 individuals. During the summer season, seagulls destroy almost 2 million ground squirrels and up to 8 million mice - pests of the fields. In Alushta, under the management of the Crimean Reserve, a Museum of Nature and an arboretum were created, where you can get acquainted with the natural resources of mountain forests.
- 9. Flora and fauna The Crimean nature reserve is rich in vegetation. More than 1,200 plant species grow here, of which 29 are included in the European Red List (Crimean eremut, Crimean cotoneaster, Sobolev Siberian, Dzevanovsky thyme, purple and red-headed lagozeris, tripartite prangos), and another 9 species are protected by the Bren Convention. Of particular value is oak, beech and hornbeam forests, which play an important water and soil protection role.
- 10. 100 species of plants and mushrooms growing in the reserve are listed in the Red Book of Ukraine. The largest population in the Crimea of the Crimean subspecies of red deer lives in the reserve. The Crimean roe deer, moufflon, black vulture, griffon vulture and other rare animals live in the lions. Of the small mammals, the hedgehog is often found. The red fox is ubiquitous (sometimes there are silver-brown specimens). Badgers and weasels live in the forests.
