Short-term planning by geography
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The purpose of training: |
To study the features of the FGP of Eurasia, extreme points, irregularity coastline; To consolidate the ability to give a description of the geographical position of the mainland according to the plan; Development of skills to work with thematic and contour maps. |
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Learning objectives/ Expected Result: |
All: can determine the FGP according to the plan. Majority: demonstrate correct application techniques for determining the FGP of the mainland, highlights the concealment of the assumption, navigates the map of Eurasia, work in groups. Some: use knowledge from different areas, evaluate the significance of the acquired knowledge and skills, show leadership qualities. |
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Language goals: |
physical and geographical position of the mainland, mainland, island, part of the world, strait. |
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Prior learning: |
geographical coordinates, degree grid, parts of the world, islands, archipelago, strait, bay. |
During the classes
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Planned time (in minutes) |
Planned activities |
Evaluation |
Resources |
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Teacher activity |
Student activities |
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Introduction 3 min 4 min 3 min |
I. Organization of the educational process Greetings Good afternoon guys. Good afternoon dear guests. positive attitude "Circle of Joy" Slide 2 For work in the lesson, you will receive bonuses - kiretams, which you will collect on the “Knowledge Box” sheet. You will learn the meaning of the word "kiretam" at the end of the lesson. You will also evaluate your work in the Self-Assessment Sheets. Knowledge update Please pay attention to the slide. What do the pictures have in common? Why do you think the sixth square is empty? Here we come to the topic of the lesson. What are we going to study today? What do you already know about this continent? I beg you, using a strategy "ZUH" fill in the first column of the table And I will add: (with showing on the wall physical map of Eurasia) Here are giant mountains - And why are there such interesting words in the last line? In our own Eurasia"? Repetition Remember how the study of the mainland begins? What does it mean to determine the FGP of the mainland? For study and research, we will go on an expedition. Who knows what an expedition is? Let's define the goal of our expedition. As you said, Eurasia big mainland, therefore, we will study his GP with 4 crews on 4 ships. And the result of our research will be the "Travel Journal". To at least slightly imagine yourself as sailors, put on sailor collars. Prepare for the expedition in advance. Captains are requested to provide information on the name of whom your vessel is named after. So, the teams are formed, the ships are ready. What else do you need to take with you? So, it's time to discover Eurasia. Good luck! |
Holding hands, smiling Listen. Intrigued Take self-assessment sheets Determine the general. (pictures refer to already studied continents) (this group of pictures lacks the sixth continent - Eurasia) Answer (We will study Eurasia) Give answers Fill out the table. Voice out the answers (-Because we live on this mainland.) Answer (From the definition of the physical and geographical position) Name the points of the plan for determining the FGP of the mainland Answer ( Expedition - a journey with a specifically defined purpose - scientific or military.) (Study the GP of Eurasia, prove that Eurasia is the greatest landmass) They put on sailor collars, according to the colors of the crew Captains give information on the lead task and demonstrate the product search work(abstract, note on the stand in the geography office, brochure, presentation) (maps, atlases) |
Great wishes. I think luck will smile on you Well done! Managed quickly. Get "Kiretamy" verbal encouragement. Get "Kiretamy" verbal encouragement. Great Receive (kiretams) Receive (kiretams) verbal encouragement. For answers they receive "kiretams" Crews receive kiretam bonuses during the entire lesson on completing tasks. Verbal encouragement of students for organization to work in groups (in crews) Captains receive "kiretams" for providing information about the explorers of Eurasia |
The presence of badges with the names of students "Kiretamy", pictures "Piggy bank of knowledge" self-assessment sheets Slide 3 with pictures related to the studied continents Slide 4 introducing the topic of the lesson Forms with the table "ZUH" Slide 5 (explanation of the word "expedition") Slide 6 (Lesson objectives) Slide 7. Holders with pictures of ships The presence of sailor collars Holders with names from ships Slides 8-11 + presentation featuring N.M. Przhevalsky (G. Prokopenko) P.P. Semenov-Tien-Shansky (T. Serikov), Sh. Ualikhanov Video Collection Resource Famous Travelers (Syzdykova S.), Atlases grade 7 |
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Presentation |
Accompanies every stage of the lesson |
Watching, reading from the slide |
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Main part 8 min 12 min 10 minutes |
1. Actualization of students' knowledge As I already said, we need to provide an evidence base for the exploration of Eurasia by crews, which will be recorded in the "Travel Journal" on the board Stage 1 of the expedition Geographical position Eurasia" Captains will receive tasks for the first stage of the expedition. Study the missions in the crews. On the readiness of the crew for the presentation, notify with a clap. Presentation of the work of the crews of the first stage of the expedition Checking answers Stage 2 of the expedition "Coastline of Eurasia" Captains will receive envelopes with tasks for the second stage of the expedition. Presentation of the work of the crews of the second stage of the expedition Stage 3 of the expedition "Records of the Continent" Captains will receive envelopes with tasks for the third stage of the expedition. Presentation of the work of the crews of the third stage of the expedition |
Students aim to work in groups Complete the task using atlases. Recorded on the sheets of the travel journal Determining the speaker to present the work Speakers give an answer and attach their page with the conclusion to the board. They work with contour maps of the proposed territories. Each crew performs its part of the work in the crews Working in pairs, presentation of the performance with the display of given objects on the map Work with text. Find relevant information for your assignment |
Receiving "kiretams" for the presentation of works Receiving "kiretams" for the presentation of works |
Sketch of the "Travel Journal" on the board Envelopes with tasks attached to the "Travel Journal" Appendix 1 "Kiretamy" Appendix 2. Blanks with nomenclature, glue Annex 3 Text. Blanks with unfinished sentences |
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Anchoring |
Run a test |
Perform the test |
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Homework (Slide) Everyone:§ 14, learn the nomenclature Creative: Continue the list "Eurasia Records" |
Write down homework |
slide 16 homework |
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Reflection 5 minutes |
Reflection And so our expedition ended. Please use strategy "ZUH" fill in the remaining columns of the table Who wants to voice their answer? Hand over the ZUH tables to the captains. Let's go back to the objectives of the lesson. Have we achieved our goals? Complete the assessment sheets: how did you feel in the lesson and sum up your work. Calculate your received "kirets". The amount of kiretams gives the right to receive a certificate I want to thank you for your active work with a “dry ration” It's time to reveal the meaning of the word "kiretam". your assumptions. "KIRETAM-MATERIK" Our lesson is over. Thanks everyone for the lesson! |
The students complete the ZUH table. Comments on answers Give answers Calculation of earned kiretams by crews. Crews receive certificates of various degrees Express their answers |
Verbal encouragement of work verbal encouragement Determining the winners by the number of "kiretams" collected to receive certificates and a surprise. |
Certificates I, II, III, IV degree Slide 17 with the decoding of the word "KIRETAM" |
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Additional Information |
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Differentiation How do you plan to help students? What tasks do you plan to give to more capable students? |
Assessment - how do you plan to track student progress/knowledge? (generalized information / idea of assessment) |
Intersubject communications |
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Suggestive questions. Consultation. Multi-level tasks at the stages |
ZOH strategy, formative assessment, self-assessment sheet |
Russian literature, mathematics, logic |
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Reflection Were the learning/lesson objectives achievable? What students have learned today What was the learning environment like? Did my differentiated approach work well? Am I on schedule? What changes would I like to make to my plan and why? |
Use this space to record your observations from the lesson. Answer the questions about your lesson written in the left column. |
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Final assessment Name two most successful moments (both teaching and learning). Name two things that would improve the lesson (both teaching and learning). |
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Appendix 1
Tasks of the first stage of the expedition
1 crew: Study the position of Eurasia relative to the equator, prime meridian, northern tropic, arctic circle. Add suggestions:
Eurasia, relative to the equator, lies in the ____________________ hemisphere. The zero meridian crosses the mainland at _________________, which means that the mainland is located in both ________________ and _______________ hemispheres. Most of Eurasia lies in the _________ hemisphere. The mainland __________________ the northern tropic and the Arctic Circle, which means that Eurasia is located in all _________________ zones of the northern hemisphere.
Crew 2: Determine the extreme points of Eurasia and their coordinates. Add suggestions.
extreme northern point The mainland is Cape ________________, its coordinates are ______________. The point is located in the state _________.
extreme south point Eurasia is Cape _________________, with coordinates _____________. It is located in the state _________.
extreme western point Eurasia is Cape _______________, with coordinates _______________. It is located in the state of ____________.
extreme eastern point Eurasia is Cape ______________, with coordinates ________________. It is located in the state of ____________.
Crew 3: Calculate the length of Eurasia from north to south (1°=111 km), from west to east (1°= 80 km). Add suggestions.
The length of the mainland from north to south is ________________________ km, which indicates _________________ dimensions. The length from west to east is ______________ km, which is noticeably reflected in _____________________ conditions.
Crew 4: Determine the location of Eurasia in relation to other continents. Add suggestions.
Eurasia is closest to the mainland ___________________. It is separated from it by ____________________ strait, as well as ______________ by the sea, ____________________ by the canal and _________ by the sea. In the east, Eurasia is separated from the mainland by _________ strait.
Appendix 2
Tasks of the second stage of the expedition
1 crew: Explore the proposed portion of the Eurasian coastline. Sign the ocean, Norwegian Sea (largest by area), islands New Earth, the Taimyr Peninsula. Accompany your answer by showing objects on the wall map of Eurasia.
Crew 2: Explore the proposed part of the coastline. Sign the ocean, the Philippine Sea (the largest by area), Japanese islands, Indochina peninsula. Accompany your answer by showing objects on the wall map of Eurasia.
Crew 3: Explore the proposed part of the coastline. Sign the ocean, the Arabian Sea (the largest in area), the island of Sri Lanka, the Arabian Peninsula (the largest in the world). Accompany your answer by showing objects on the wall map of Eurasia.
Crew 4: Explore the proposed part of the coastline. Sign ocean, mediterranean sea, UK island, Iberian peninsula. Accompany your answer by showing objects on the wall map of Eurasia.
Appendix 3
Read the text. Fill in the blanks on the forms.
Eurasia is the largest continent on Earth, its area is 53.893 million km², which is 36% of the land area. The population is more than 4.947 billion (2010), which is about 3/4 of the population of the entire planet. This is the only continent on Earth washed by four oceans: in the south - the Indian, in the north - the Arctic, in the west - the Atlantic, in the east - the Pacific. In Eurasia are the highest mountains on Earth - the Himalayas (ind. Abode of snows), and the Eurasian mountain systems of the Himalayas, Tibet, Hindu Kush, Pamir, Tien Shan, etc. form the largest mountainous region on Earth. Chomolungma (Everest) - the highest peak in the world, height 8848 meters. The lowest point on land is also located here - the Dead Sea depression (-405 m). In Eurasia, the deepest lake on Earth is located - Baikal, its depth is 1642 m. The largest peninsula is the Arabian. According to the Guinness Book of Records, the city of Cherrapunji (12000mm), located in the northeast of India, is the wettest place on Earth. At the junction of Europe and Asia, there is the largest drainless lake on Earth - the Caspian Sea, so called because of its huge size. Eurasia is the most big country world - Russia, the most populous city on Earth - Seoul (Korea).
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1. The largest continent on Earth ______________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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2. The highest mountains on Earth ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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3. The highest mountain peak in the world ________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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4. Lowest point on land __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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5. The deepest lake on Earth ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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6. The largest peninsula ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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7. The wettest place on Earth __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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8. The largest drainless lake on Earth __________________________________________________________________________________________ |
Appendix 4
Self-assessment sheet
Surname Name _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Confident "3" points |
Doubted "2" points |
It was difficult "1" score |
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Answered the teacher's questions |
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Tasks of the 1st stage of the expedition |
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Tasks of the 2nd stage of the expedition |
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Tasks of the 3rd stage of the expedition |
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I felt like in class |
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Testing |
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My mark |
Municipal educational institution "Secondary comprehensive school № 17
with. Twisted Beam»
“Physical and geographical position of Eurasia.
Research History»
Prepared by a geography teacher
MOU "Secondary school No. 17
with. Twisted Beam.
Lesson topic: Physical and geographical position of Eurasia. Research history.
Type of lesson: discovery of new knowledge.
Lesson Objectives:
To consolidate the concept of the geographical location of the mainland and the ability to make a description
geographic location. To study the outline of Eurasia, the size and history of the development of the mainland. Cultivate interest in the subject.
Equipment: physical map of Eurasia. Multimedia projector, computer, interactive whiteboard, physical map of the hemispheres, geographic atlases for grade 7, contour maps, geography textbook, worksheets for students, cards with geographical nomenclature, task cards, CD - disk “Geography of continents and oceans”
Basic knowledge: determination of directions, geographical coordinates on the map; the concept of “geographical position of the mainland”, a plan for characterizing the geographical position of the mainland
Lesson structure
I. “Challenge” Motivation to learn new material. – 4 min.
Creating a positive attitude. Correspondence definition: mainland - object
II. Learning new material
1. Formulation by students of the topic of the lesson - 1 min.
3. Formulation by students of the main objectives of the lesson based on worksheets.
(Appendix 1) - 2 min.
4. Organization independent work(performed in pairs or individually by choice) - 15 min.
Characteristics of the FGP of Eurasia according to the previously studied plan. (Appendix 2) Elective tasks
5. Problem situation (work in groups or individual work, optional) -3-4 min.
6. Exploration of Eurasia. Computer presentation prepared by the student. (Appendix 5) Filling in the table. – 4 min. Individual work(lecture element)
III. Fixing the material. Elective tasks. (Appendix 3) Self-control of knowledge. 4-5 min.
IVResult of SELF-ASSESSMENT. CORRECTION. 2 minutes.
V. Reflection: RAPID QUESTIONNAIRE (Degree of participation) (Appendix 4) 1 min
VI. Homework: assignments to choose from. 1-2 min.
Lesson progress: I. “Challenge” Motivation to learn new material.
Creation by the teacher at the beginning of the lesson of a positive attitude to work.
Guys, many of you, like me, love to travel. But what kind of journey can be in the middle of the school year? And so I remembered the words of the poet A. Tvardovsky:
There are two types of travel.
One - to start off from a place into the distance,
The other is to sit still.
Scroll back the calendar.
I took an old calendar and on one of the pages I saw a picture of a beautiful (old) ship running through the waves and so I wanted to go on a new journey on it
I invite you to take this journey together.
And so, from today's lesson, you will begin to discover the mainland of Eurasia for yourself. Learn about its nature, originality organic world, about the countries and peoples inhabiting Eurasia.
Slide 3 Let's write in a notebook
The topic of our lesson is "Geographical location and history of the study of Eurasia."
Your main task in the lesson is to work out the ability to determine the geographical position of the mainland. To identify such features of the mainland that make it unique, different from all other continents. You will get acquainted with the names of researchers who have made a great contribution to the study of Eurasia.
Especially since you already know how to discover the continents.
What continents have you already discovered, studied?
I offer you a game: according to the characteristics, determine which continent we are talking about and show it on the map. (Presentation)
SLIDES 5-6
The equator runs almost in the middle.
It ranks second in terms of area.
The hottest continent (AFRICA)
SLIDES 7-8
The driest continent
The most remote continent.
The smallest in area. (AUSTRALIA)
SLIDES 9-10
3. The wettest continent.
Here is the longest mountain range on land. There are many full-flowing rivers on the mainland. (SOUTH AMERICA)
SLIDES 11-12
4. Mainland covered with a layer of ice.
This continent was discovered by Lazarev and Bellingshausen. There is no state here. (ANTARCTICA)
SLIDES 13-14
This continent lies in the northern and western hemispheres. Part of this continent belonged to Russia. It has the most indented coastline. (NORTH AMERICA)
So, going on a trip to Eurasia, let's remember the area of the mainland?
Go to the board and show all the continents and their areas.
Studying the continents, we collected a PORTFOLIO (in other words, we kept a ship's diary, as is done on all ships), tell me what IS IN YOUR POFOLIO
From today's lesson, we begin to collect a portfolio of EURASIA.
Eurasia is the continent on which we live. This is the largest continent on Earth. It occupies 1/3 of the entire land. It is the largest and most complex continent on Earth.
The huge mainland comes in the north far beyond the Arctic Circle, and in the south it reaches the equator.
From west to east its length is 16,000 km, and from north to south, 8,000 km. If we take into account the islands, then the territory of Eurasia is only about 10 degrees short of the North Pole and enters the Southern Hemisphere by 11 degrees.
And now LET'S try to determine the geographical position of the mainland. You already know how to do it. Therefore, today you will work independently with the help of cards - modules.
1. When working, you can use the text of the textbook, atlas maps, additional sources of information.
2. Pay attention to the table of EACH group, there is also a ship during the lesson, you must give it a name and explain why you gave it this “Name”
3. For each student, there are two appendices on the table: STUDENT WORKSHEETS (Appendix 1) and Continental Geographical Description Plan (Appendix 2), take them and look at them carefully. Have questions?
4. For each student on the table there is a table that we will fill in at the entrance of the lesson, a test to consolidate the acquired knowledge in the lesson and a self-assessment questionnaire, we will fill them out at the end of the lesson.
WELL THERE IS A FAIR WIND AND IT IS TIME FOR US TO GO.
Students work independently with the help of modules. There is a collective discussion of the tasks set step by step. On the interactive whiteboard contour map Eurasia) students sign the extreme points of the mainland, the oceans washing the mainland, coastline objects. According to the physical map of Eurasia, seas, straits, islands, peninsulas, archipelagos are shown.
(The rest of the students, together with the speakers, fill out the contour map)
SLIDE 18 Coastline
SLIDE 19 Mark the coastline on the contour map
Slide 20 position in relation to the equator, the prime meridian.
Slides 21-22 extreme points
GO TO INTERACTIVE MAP
What is Eurasia?
This is Europe plus Asia.
Made up of two parts
The largest continent.
Indeed, Eurasia consists of two parts: Europe and Asia.
Europe occupies part of Eurasia west of the Ural Mountains and north of Caucasus mountains and the Sea of Marmara.
Europe is sometimes referred to as the "Old World". It has been inhabited and explored for a long time. Ancient civilizations originated and developed here. However, long-term, often predatory human activity has greatly changed the primordial nature. Forests were cut down, steppes were plowed up, which were the natural habitat of animals, many species of animals and birds were exterminated.
There are no places left in Europe where no human has set foot.
Thank you. We listen to the message about Asia.
Asia is the largest part of the world. It occupies a third of the earth's land and stretches from the Arctic Ocean to the equator.
Here are the greatest mountain systems - the Himalayas, the Tien Shan, Greater Caucasus, Gobi Desert. Lake Baikal (the deepest in the world).
The world of plants and animals in Asia is striking in its diversity and richness.
Asia is the birthplace of many plants that have become common agricultural crops. Animal world also varied and exotic.
The border between Europe and Asia is 5100 km long.
Remember, it is customary to draw a conditional border along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, along the Emba River, the northern coast of the Caspian Sea and the Kumo-Manych depression. The maritime border runs along the Azov and Black Seas, as well as along the straits connecting the Black and Mediterranean Seas.
It is possible to talk about the discovery of Eurasia only conditionally - after all, it was from Europe that the discoverers of America, Australia and Antarctica set off. Not surprisingly, most of the research took place in the Asian part of the mainland. The most famous are the travels of Marco Polo, Athanasius Nikitin, research and - Tien Shan.
In more detail about these studies, we will be told in advance by prepared students. Your task will be to listen carefully to your classmates, and fill in the table IN YOUR WORKSHEETS.
What is the merit in the study of the continent of Eurasia?
(Central Asia. Passed about 33 thousand km. Studied the Tibet range, the Gobi desert, the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the Yangtze (China), Described plants and animals, described a wild horse and a camel. During the trip, he mapped his route, determined coordinates and heights, carried out meteorological observations, collected collections of rocks and plants.)
What is the merit of Semenov-Tyan-Shansky in the study of the Eurasian continent?
(Twice he made expeditions to the Tien Shan Mountains. He discovered Khan-Tengri Peak, proved the insufficiency of Lake Issyk-Kul, its tectonic origin. For great merits, the name of the mountain system was added to the name of the scientist. mountain range, high peak and glacier in Central Asia named after him)
Whose name is Cape Chelyuskin named after?
(named after a member of the Great Northern Expedition, navigator Semyon Chelyuskin,
who in 1741 discovered this cape, drew a map and described it.)
Who is Cape Dezhnev named after?
(named in honor of the Russian explorer, who in 1648 first passed the strait
between Asia and America.)
Who gave the name to the Chukotka Peninsula?
(named by Bering after the local residents - the Chukchi. Translated from the Chukchi "Chukchi" means - "rich in deer".)
History of settlement and exploration of the Eurasian continent.
Travelers | results |
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2. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky | Central Asia. Passed about 33 thousand km. Twice he made expeditions to the Tien Shan mountains. | Studied hr. Tibet, the Gobi Desert, the upper reaches of the river. Huanghe and Yangtze (China), Described plants and animals, described wild horse and camel. During the trip, he put his route on the map, determined the coordinates and heights, made meteorological observations, collected collections of rocks and plants. He discovered the Khan-Tengri peak, proved the endlessness of Issyk-Kul Lake, its tectonic origin. For great merits, the name of the mountain system was added to the name of the scientist. A mountain range, a high peak and a glacier in Central Asia are named after him. |
Consolidation of new material.
It's time to take stock
Slide 28 Comparative characteristics of Eurasia and Australia
Slide 29-30 Test “Geographical position of Eurasia. Research History»
Test work on leaflets, then checked using a presentation
And now it's time for you to announce the name of your ships and explain why you called them that.
CROSSWORD.
CONCLUSION ON STUDENT SELF-ASSESSMENT:
WHO, WHAT ASSESSMENT OF YOURSELF.
3. Conclusion.
In conclusion, let's draw a conclusion by proving the position "Eurasia is the greatest landmass"
Eurasia is the greatest
sushi
Interesting Facts:
- The largest island off the coast of Eurasia is Great Britain. The largest peninsula is Arabian. The largest sea in terms of area is the Mediterranean. The shallowest sea is the Sea of Azov. The largest bay is Bengal, "Colored Seas" - Black, Red, Yellow, White.
5. Homework slide 31
1. Collect data on natural records of Eurasia.
2. Text in the textbook - paragraph number 59
For the next lesson as a test homework students are offered a computer test "Geographical position of Eurasia"
IF THERE IS TIME VIDEO FOR TRAVELERS
Eurasia is the largest continent in the world. It occupies 1/3 of the entire land mass of the planet. The huge size and complex structure of the earth's crust create unique natural conditions in terms of diversity.
In Eurasia there is the highest mountain of the Earth - Chomolungma (Everest), the largest mountain system in terms of area - Tibet, the largest peninsula - Arabian, the largest geographical area - Siberia, the lowest point of land - the Dead Sea depression.
Geographical position of Eurasia
Using the map, let's determine the geographical position of Eurasia according to the plan:
Rice. 1. Geographical position of Eurasia
In which hemispheres is the continent located?
a) Relative to the equator, the mainland lies almost entirely in the Northern Hemisphere. The exception is the southern islands of the mainland.
b) Regarding the zero meridian - almost the entire continent is located in the Eastern Hemisphere, only the extreme west of Eurasia enters the Western Hemisphere.
What oceans surround the mainland?
From the north - the Arctic Ocean,
from the south - Indian, from the west - Atlantic,
from the east - the Pacific Ocean.
Location relative to other continents
Eurasia borders on many continents that have a certain influence on it. Direct connection with Africa through the Suez Canal and with North America through the Bering Strait was the reason for the similarity of the organic world of these continents.
Rice. 2. Extreme points of the mainland
Eurasia - two parts of the world
Eurasia is formed by two parts of the world - Europe and Asia.
It is customary to draw a conditional border between them along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, along the Emba River, the northern coast of the Caspian Sea and the Kumo-Manych depression. The maritime border runs along the Azov and Black Seas, as well as the straits connecting the Black and Mediterranean Seas - this is the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles.
(Find all objects on the physical map of the mainland.)
Coastline outlines
Eurasia is distinguished by a strong indentation of the coastline, especially in the west of the mainland.
The physical map of the mainland shows that the Atlantic Ocean goes deep into the land, isolating the Scandinavian Peninsula. In the south of the mainland, they stand out for their size Arabian Peninsula and Hindustan. They are washed by the Indian Ocean. There are few islands off the southern coast of Eurasia, the largest is Sri Lanka. The coastline of the mainland is also noticeably indented in the east, it is washed by the Pacific Ocean. The marginal seas are separated from Pacific Ocean a chain of peninsulas (the largest - Kamchatka) and islands, the largest - Big Sunda. The Arctic Ocean, washing the mainland from the north, does not go deep into the land. The largest peninsulas Kola, Taimyr, Chukotka.
Rice. 3. Physical map of Eurasia
Bibliography
MainI:
Geography. Earth and people. Grade 7: textbook for general education. uch. / A.P. Kuznetsov, L.E. Savelyeva, V.P. Dronov. Series "Spheres". – M.: Enlightenment, 2011. Geography. Earth and people. Grade 7: atlas. Series "Spheres". – M.: Enlightenment, 2011.
Additional:
1. Maksimov N.A. Behind the pages of a geography textbook. – M.: Enlightenment.
1. Russian Geographical Society ().
2. Russian education ().
3. Journal "Geography" ().
4. Geographical directory ().
Eurasia is the largest continent by area. It accounts for 36% of the entire land mass of the globe. Three-quarters of the world's population lives on its territory and 94 official states are located. What are the features of the mainland? You will find a description of the geographical location of Eurasia, its climate, nature and other characteristics in our article.
Due to its large extent and unique geographical position, Eurasia has a huge natural diversity and is a record holder in many respects. Here are just some of its features:
- Most of the ancient civilizations developed in Eurasia, the greatest discoveries were made here and the main world religions arose. It was from here that the first research ships sailed.
- Here it is largest country in the world - Russia, whose area is 17,100,000 km².
- There are many mountains on the mainland. In its Asian part, there is the highest mountain system (Himalayas) and the largest system by area (Tibet). Its highest point is Chomolungma, or Everest, reaching 8848 meters.
- The Arabian Peninsula in the south of the continent is the largest in the world and covers an area of 3.25 million km².
- The mainland has the largest lake (Caspian Sea), the deepest freshwater lake (Baikal) and the narrowest strait (Bosphorus).
Description of the geographical position of the Eurasian continent
Eurasia occupies 54.3 million km2. The main part of the mainland is located in the Northern and Eastern hemispheres of the planet. It includes two parts of the world - Europe and Asia, which are separated by a conditional border drawn along the main natural objects(Ural Mountains, Caspian Sea, etc.).
The main feature of the geographical position of Eurasia is that it is washed by all the oceans: the Indian in the south, the Arctic in the north, the Atlantic in the west and the Pacific in the east. It is closest to Africa, separating from it. the Mediterranean and Red Seas, the Suez Canal and the Strait of Gibraltar. In addition to continental land, it also includes a huge number of islands, the total area of \u200b\u200bwhich exceeds 3 million km 2.
From west to east, Eurasia stretches for 18 thousand km, and from north to south - for 8 thousand km. Its extreme mainland and island points:
- western - Cape Roca in Portugal and rock Monchik in the Azores;
- eastern - Cape Dezhnev and Ratmanov Island in Russia;
- northern - Cape Chelyuskin and Cape Fligeli in Russia;
- southern - Cape Piai in Malaysia and the South Island in Keeling (Cocos Islands).
Relief
The relief of the mainland is uneven and is represented by both lowlands and significant elevations of the landscape. In its northern part is the East European Plain - one of the largest in the world. It stretches within 12 states from the shores of the Baltic and Black Seas to the Caspian Sea and the Ural Mountains.
In the relief of the mainland, there are also West Siberian Plain, Tibetan Plateau, Turan lowland, Indo-Gangetic, Great Chinese plains. On its territory there are high and medium mountain systems, such as: the Alps, the Caucasus, the Carpathians, the Himalayas, the Urals, the Tien Shan and others. The average elevation of Eurasia is approximately 830 meters.
Climate
The geographical position of Eurasia largely determines its climate. It is represented on the mainland by all belts and natural areas. In the north, part of its territory is located beyond the Arctic Circle. Here is a zone of subarctic and arctic deserts, where most of the year there are snow and low temperatures.
The central regions of Eurasia are covered by a temperate zone, which stretches along its entire length: from the western to the eastern coast. In the Asian part of the mainland, in the region of the Arabian Peninsula and partly of Hindustan, lies tropical belt represented by hot and arid deserts.
To the east are the subequatorial and equatorial belts. They are characterized by heavy seasonal or year-round precipitation, frequent typhoons and hurricanes. In the European part, the tropical, subequatorial and equatorial belts are not represented. In the south, there are subtropics with maritime and arid climate types.
Due to the geographical position of the Eurasian continent, the action of ocean currents is strongly displayed on it. Thus, the waters of the Atlantic greatly soften the conditions in the European part, making winters milder and summers cooler. In the depths of the mainland, where sea winds do not reach, the climate is arid continental. In the east (especially on the coast), the climate changes twice a year, sometimes under the influence of wet monsoons, sometimes under the influence of dry winds from the continent.
Nature of the continent
The geographical position of Eurasia is similar to the position North America. Both continents are located between the arctic and equatorial climatic zones. But thanks to the vast area of Eurasia, some natural areas are much more pronounced on it, and latitudinal zonality seen more clearly.
A large number of natural complexes and all existing natural zones are represented on the mainland. In the north there are areas of permafrost, permanent ice and snow. Polar bears, polar hares, owls and polar foxes live here. Slightly lower stretch areas of the tundra with marshy wastelands, lichens and mosses, and even lower begins the taiga with dense coniferous and mixed forests.
The southern and central regions of the mainland are no less diverse. Depending on the specific area, they are found in forests and forest-steppes, wet grassy meadows, dry steppes, lifeless deserts, evergreen jungles and mangroves.
There are many full-flowing rivers, swamps and lakes in the northern and coastal regions of the continent. Some of the powerful streams begin in the mountains. At the same time, the territory of the Arabian Peninsula and the Thar Desert is considered the driest in Eurasia. There are no permanent rivers here, and the only salvation is underground springs and occasional seasonal rains. Deserts are also present in Central Asia.
Uniqueness of Eurasia
Each continent of our planet has its own unique features and peculiar geographical position. Eurasia can be called special due to the fact that it is surrounded by all four oceans and is located in all climatic zones. This is the largest and longest continent on the planet from west to east - in size it is almost twice the size of Africa, and Australia - seven times. The combination of all the factors that shape Eurasia has contributed to its great diversity and made it unique.
Lesson topic: Geographic location mainland Eurasia.
Goals and objectives of the lesson:
To form students' ideas about the nature of Eurasia, to consider the features of the physical and geographical position of the mainland;
To acquaint students with ideas about Eurasia in antiquity, according toto acquaint with the history of the study of the mainland; continue shapingability to independently work with sources of additional information, formulate questions.
Develop cognitive interest to the subject.
Cultivate interest in the subject.
Equipment: physical map of Eurasia. Multimedia projector, computer, interactive whiteboard.
During the classes.
1. Organizational moment.
2. Actualization and motivation of knowledge.
3. New topic.
Plan for studying new material:
natural features
History of settlement and exploration of Eurasia
The topic of our lesson is "Geographical location and history of the study of Eurasia."
Your main task in the lesson is to work out the ability to determine the geographical position of the mainland. To identify such features of the mainland that make it unique, different from all other continents. You will get acquainted with the names of researchers who have made a great contribution to the study of Eurasia.
The geographical position of the Eurasian continent
Eurasia is the largest continent in the world. Its area, together with the islands, is 53.3 million km², which corresponds to 1/3 of the land. In addition, ¾ of the world's population lives on this giant continent, i.e. over 4 billion people.
The continent of Eurasia consists of two parts of the world - Europe and Asia. The conditional border runs along the eastern part of the Ural Mountains, the northern coast of the Caspian Sea, the Ural River, the Kumo-Manych depression, then along the Azov and Black Seas and the straits connecting the Black Sea with the Mediterranean.
The extreme point in the north of Eurasia is Cape Chelyuskin (77˚43΄N),
The extreme point in the south is Cape Piai (1˚16΄N),
The extreme point in the east is Cape Roca (9˚34΄W),
The extreme point in the west is Cape Dezhnev (169˚40΄).
The distance between the northern and southern point is 8000 km. If some islands are located closer to the North Pole, then the islands of the Malay Archipelago stretch from the equator south to 11˚S.
The distance between the extreme point in the east - Cape Roca (9˚34΄W) - and the extreme point in the west - Cape Dezhnev (169˚40΄W) - is about 16,000 km.
Some parts of the mainland go beyond the territory of the Eastern Hemisphere and enter the territory of the Western Hemisphere. Thanks to such features of the geographical position on the mainland, there are all climatic zones and natural complexes characteristic of the northern hemisphere.
The coast of the Eurasian continent is washed by the waters of all four oceans.
natural features
Eurasia is the continent on which we live. This is the largest continent on Earth.Eurasia differs from other continents of the globe especially great variety nature.He has the right to attach other characteristics “The most - the most ...” (showing the presentation slide 12-26)
The highest mountain peak in the world is Chomolungma in the Himalayan mountains, its height is 8848 m.
The lowest place on the globe, located below sea level, is the Dead Sea in the north-west of the Arabian Peninsula, its level is -403m.
The largest peninsula of the globe is Arabian, its area is more than 3 million km².
The pole of cold in the northern hemisphere is the village of Oymyakon in northeastern Siberia, where a temperature of -71˚С was recorded.
The highest recorded temperature was observed in the hot and sultry Thar Desert in India +53˚С.
The region with the highest annual rainfall the globe, - locality Cherrapunji on the southeastern slope of the Himalayas (12000mm).
In dry, sultry Arabia, the annual rainfall is less than 15mm.
The largest lake on the globe - the Caspian Sea - is located between Europe and Asia, its area is 390 thousand km²
The deepest lake on the globe - Baikal - is located in the Asian part of Eurasia, its depth is 1620m.
And now let's make descriptions of FGP of the mainland.
Plan descriptions FGP mainland
Define,how is the continent located relative to the equator,tropikov (polarcircles) and the prime meridian.
Find coordinates extremepoints of the mainland in degrees.
What oceans border the mainland?
Tasks:
Circle in red the initial and 180° meridian, sihim - the line of the equator.
Draw a dotted line between Europe and Asia.
Sign the names of the extreme points and their coordinates.
Write the names of the oceans surrounding the mainland.
The history of settlement and the study of Eurasia.
In search of new lands, natives from the coasts mediterranean sea began to populate the lands of Eurasia. It was there that geographical concepts began to form.
First geographical information about Eurasia were collected by the ancient Egyptians, Phoenicians, Greeks.
A significant contribution to the expansion of geographical knowledge about Eurasia was made by ancient people minoy, who inhabited about. Crete in 2500 BC The Minoans established trade relations with Cyprus, Sicily and the current Balkan Peninsula.
In order to get acquainted with the world around them, the inhabitants of the state of Babylon visited Persia and India. Babylonians andwriting, for the first time suggested that the planet Earth has the shape of a ball and its circumference is 360˚. The first geographical map drawn by the Babylonians on a clay tablet is stored in the British Museum.
The Phoenicians, having sailed the Mediterranean Sea in various directions on ships, discovered the islands in the Aegean Sea, reached the coasts of Europe through the Strait of Gibraltar. During this period, the Phoenicians called the lands unknown to them in the west “ereb”, and the eastern ones “asu”. Later, on the basis of these concepts, the ancient Greeks introduced the terms “Europe” and “Asia”.
In former times, the peoples who inhabited Ancient India traded with the peoples of Southwest Asia by land and water.
AT Icentury AD, the ancient Indians discovered the islands of Sumatra and Java and began to populate Indonesia. And the Malays, sailing along all the islands of Indonesia on light ships, established trade relations with the population of these islands. Later they discovered the island of Madagascar, part of the settlers remained there for permanent residence.
The ancient Greeks also contributed to the discovery of new lands of Eurasia. They organized expeditions to the west and north, sailed along the coasts of the Black and Caspian Seas, along the Danube and Don rivers. And about how the brave Greek sailors - the Argonauts went to Colchis in search of the Golden Fleece, it is written in the legend "Argonauts".
4. Consolidation of the studied material. (Answer the questions)
1. What is the area of the Eurasia mainland?
(53.3 million km²)
2. What is the hottest place on the Eurasian continent?
(Desert of Thar)
3. How many oceans washes Eurasia?
4. On which peninsula is the Dead Sea located?
(in the northwest of the Arabian Peninsula)
5. What is the largest lake on the mainland?
(Caspian Sea)
6. In what mountains is Khan-Tengri peak located?
(in the Tien Shan)
7.Where does the largest annual amount of precipitation fall on the globe?
(town of Cherrapunji)
8. The name of the mountain system was added to the name of which scientist for great scientific merits?
(P.P. Semenov)
9. The highest mountain peak in the world located on the mainland of Eurasia?
(peak Jomalungma)
(-71˚С)
6. Lesson summary
Announcement of grades
Ratings
7. Homework:
